SME Contributions to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth in the Arab World
Recent economic and political developments have highlighted a challenge shared across the Arab region of generating employment, promoting inclusive growth, and improving competitiveness. In the short run, weakened macroeconomic fundamentals in the...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/10/18459377/sme-contributions-employment-job-creation-growth-arab-world http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16897 |
| id |
okr-10986-16897 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES ACCESS TO FINANCING ACCESS TO FORMAL CREDIT ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCESS TO MARKETS ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY AUDITS BANK BANK FINANCING BANK LENDING BANK LOANS BANKING SYSTEMS BANKRUPTCY BANKS BARRIERS TO ENTRY BASIC METALS BORROWERS BORROWING BRIBES BUSINESS ACTIVITY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES BUSINESS PLAN BUSINESS PLANS BUSINESS STARTUPS BUSINESS SUCCESS CAPITAL CAPITAL ADEQUACY CAPITAL FUNDS CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL MARKETS CASH FLOW COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS COMMERCIAL BANKS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPLIANCE COST CONSUMER PROTECTION COOPERATION CORRUPTION COST OF CREDIT CREDIT CREDIT BUREAUS CREDIT CARDS CREDIT DECISIONS CREDIT FACILITIES CREDIT GAP CREDIT HISTORY CREDIT INFORMATION CREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEM CREDIT INSTITUTIONS CREDIT PRODUCTS CREDIT REGISTRIES CREDITOR CREDITWORTHINESS DEMAND DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT OF VENTURE CAPITAL DISCRIMINATION DIVERSIFICATION ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC RESOURCES ECONOMIC SITUATION EDUCATION SYSTEM EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYEE EMPLOYEES EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENTERPRISE ENTERPRISE REGISTRATION ENTERPRISES ENTREPRENEUR ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL ENTREPRENEURS ENTREPRENEURSHIP OPPORTUNITIES ENVIRONMENTS EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EXCLUSION EXPECTATIONS FAMILIES FAMILY FEES FINANCE ACCESS FINANCE COSTS FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCIAL INNOVATION FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATIONS FINANCIAL MARKET FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL NEEDS FINANCIAL PRODUCT FINANCIAL PRODUCTS FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMS FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEM FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FINANCING FIRM DYNAMICS FIRM SIZE FISCAL DEFICITS FIXED COST FIXED COSTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FORMAL FINANCIAL MARKET GENDER GENDER EQUALITY GENDER MAINSTREAMING GOOD CREDIT GOVERNMENT POLICIES GREATER ACCESS GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HOME MORTGAGES HOUSEHOLD HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RIGHTS HUSBAND INCENTIVES INEQUALITY INFORMAL WORKERS INFORMATION ASYMMETRY INTEREST INTEREST RATE INTERNAL FUNDS INTERNATIONAL BANK INVESTMENT INVESTMENT BARRIERS JOB JOB CREATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOBS JOBS CREATION KEY CHALLENGE KEY CHALLENGES LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LACK OF ACCESS LAND LENDING DECISIONS LENDING TECHNIQUES LINE OF CREDIT LOAN LOAN APPLICATION LOAN TERM MARKET ECONOMY MARKET INFORMATION MICRO ENTERPRISES MODELS MOVABLE COLLATERAL NEW BUSINESS NEW BUSINESSES OIL OPTIONS OUTREACH PATENTS PAYMENT PAYMENTS PEOPLE PERSONAL ASSETS PERSONAL FINANCE POLICY DECISIONS POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIVATE CREDIT PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVILEGED ACCESS PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROPERTY PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL PUBLIC CREDIT PUBLIC FINANCES RED TAPE REGULATORY POLICY REVENUES SMALL BUSINESS SMALL BUSINESSES SMALL ENTERPRISES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOURCE OF INCOME START-UP START-UPS SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX RATES TAXES TERM CREDIT TRADE TREASURY BILLS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNFAIR COMPETITION UNION VALUES VENTURE CAPITAL FIRMS WAGES WOMAN WOMAN ENTREPRENEURS WOMEN WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS WORKING CAPITAL |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES ACCESS TO FINANCING ACCESS TO FORMAL CREDIT ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCESS TO MARKETS ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY AUDITS BANK BANK FINANCING BANK LENDING BANK LOANS BANKING SYSTEMS BANKRUPTCY BANKS BARRIERS TO ENTRY BASIC METALS BORROWERS BORROWING BRIBES BUSINESS ACTIVITY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES BUSINESS PLAN BUSINESS PLANS BUSINESS STARTUPS BUSINESS SUCCESS CAPITAL CAPITAL ADEQUACY CAPITAL FUNDS CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL MARKETS CASH FLOW COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS COMMERCIAL BANKS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPLIANCE COST CONSUMER PROTECTION COOPERATION CORRUPTION COST OF CREDIT CREDIT CREDIT BUREAUS CREDIT CARDS CREDIT DECISIONS CREDIT FACILITIES CREDIT GAP CREDIT HISTORY CREDIT INFORMATION CREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEM CREDIT INSTITUTIONS CREDIT PRODUCTS CREDIT REGISTRIES CREDITOR CREDITWORTHINESS DEMAND DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT OF VENTURE CAPITAL DISCRIMINATION DIVERSIFICATION ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC RESOURCES ECONOMIC SITUATION EDUCATION SYSTEM EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYEE EMPLOYEES EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENTERPRISE ENTERPRISE REGISTRATION ENTERPRISES ENTREPRENEUR ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL ENTREPRENEURS ENTREPRENEURSHIP OPPORTUNITIES ENVIRONMENTS EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EXCLUSION EXPECTATIONS FAMILIES FAMILY FEES FINANCE ACCESS FINANCE COSTS FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCIAL INNOVATION FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATIONS FINANCIAL MARKET FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL NEEDS FINANCIAL PRODUCT FINANCIAL PRODUCTS FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMS FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEM FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FINANCING FIRM DYNAMICS FIRM SIZE FISCAL DEFICITS FIXED COST FIXED COSTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FORMAL FINANCIAL MARKET GENDER GENDER EQUALITY GENDER MAINSTREAMING GOOD CREDIT GOVERNMENT POLICIES GREATER ACCESS GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HOME MORTGAGES HOUSEHOLD HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RIGHTS HUSBAND INCENTIVES INEQUALITY INFORMAL WORKERS INFORMATION ASYMMETRY INTEREST INTEREST RATE INTERNAL FUNDS INTERNATIONAL BANK INVESTMENT INVESTMENT BARRIERS JOB JOB CREATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOBS JOBS CREATION KEY CHALLENGE KEY CHALLENGES LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LACK OF ACCESS LAND LENDING DECISIONS LENDING TECHNIQUES LINE OF CREDIT LOAN LOAN APPLICATION LOAN TERM MARKET ECONOMY MARKET INFORMATION MICRO ENTERPRISES MODELS MOVABLE COLLATERAL NEW BUSINESS NEW BUSINESSES OIL OPTIONS OUTREACH PATENTS PAYMENT PAYMENTS PEOPLE PERSONAL ASSETS PERSONAL FINANCE POLICY DECISIONS POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIVATE CREDIT PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVILEGED ACCESS PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROPERTY PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL PUBLIC CREDIT PUBLIC FINANCES RED TAPE REGULATORY POLICY REVENUES SMALL BUSINESS SMALL BUSINESSES SMALL ENTERPRISES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOURCE OF INCOME START-UP START-UPS SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX RATES TAXES TERM CREDIT TRADE TREASURY BILLS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNFAIR COMPETITION UNION VALUES VENTURE CAPITAL FIRMS WAGES WOMAN WOMAN ENTREPRENEURS WOMEN WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS WORKING CAPITAL Nasr, Sahar Rostom, Ahmed SME Contributions to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth in the Arab World |
| geographic_facet |
Middle East and North Africa North Africa Middle East |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6682 |
| description |
Recent economic and political
developments have highlighted a challenge shared across the
Arab region of generating employment, promoting inclusive
growth, and improving competitiveness. In the short run,
weakened macroeconomic fundamentals in the developing
economies of the Middle East and North Africa are a key
challenge. The region's main challenge is to achieve
sustainable growth that delivers the quantity and quality of
jobs needed. An inclusive and competitive private sector has
proven to be one of the most effective and long-term
solutions for this challenge. This paper provides an
analytical framework to diagnose and identify key challenges
to the growth of small and medium enterprises that is
supported by a quantitative model based on the World
Bank's Enterprise Surveys database. The findings
reconfirm that the route to a sustained role for small and
medium enterprises in job creation requires improving the
credibility of reforms, the effectiveness of policies, and
equitable enforcement. Although one size fits all is
infeasible for Arab countries, it is important to design
policies across sectors to create productive employment and
promote economic growth. Supporting innovation and enhancing
access to finance are central to the development agenda for
small and medium enterprises. And creating an enabling
environment and setting up accountable institutions are key
to ensure equal opportunity and inclusive growth. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Nasr, Sahar Rostom, Ahmed |
| author_facet |
Nasr, Sahar Rostom, Ahmed |
| author_sort |
Nasr, Sahar |
| title |
SME Contributions to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth in the Arab World |
| title_short |
SME Contributions to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth in the Arab World |
| title_full |
SME Contributions to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth in the Arab World |
| title_fullStr |
SME Contributions to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth in the Arab World |
| title_full_unstemmed |
SME Contributions to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth in the Arab World |
| title_sort |
sme contributions to employment, job creation, and growth in the arab world |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/10/18459377/sme-contributions-employment-job-creation-growth-arab-world http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16897 |
| _version_ |
1764434847369003008 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-168972021-04-23T14:03:32Z SME Contributions to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth in the Arab World Nasr, Sahar Rostom, Ahmed ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES ACCESS TO FINANCING ACCESS TO FORMAL CREDIT ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCESS TO MARKETS ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY AUDITS BANK BANK FINANCING BANK LENDING BANK LOANS BANKING SYSTEMS BANKRUPTCY BANKS BARRIERS TO ENTRY BASIC METALS BORROWERS BORROWING BRIBES BUSINESS ACTIVITY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES BUSINESS PLAN BUSINESS PLANS BUSINESS STARTUPS BUSINESS SUCCESS CAPITAL CAPITAL ADEQUACY CAPITAL FUNDS CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL MARKETS CASH FLOW COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS COMMERCIAL BANKS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPLIANCE COST CONSUMER PROTECTION COOPERATION CORRUPTION COST OF CREDIT CREDIT CREDIT BUREAUS CREDIT CARDS CREDIT DECISIONS CREDIT FACILITIES CREDIT GAP CREDIT HISTORY CREDIT INFORMATION CREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEM CREDIT INSTITUTIONS CREDIT PRODUCTS CREDIT REGISTRIES CREDITOR CREDITWORTHINESS DEMAND DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT OF VENTURE CAPITAL DISCRIMINATION DIVERSIFICATION ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC RESOURCES ECONOMIC SITUATION EDUCATION SYSTEM EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYEE EMPLOYEES EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENTERPRISE ENTERPRISE REGISTRATION ENTERPRISES ENTREPRENEUR ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL ENTREPRENEURS ENTREPRENEURSHIP OPPORTUNITIES ENVIRONMENTS EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EXCLUSION EXPECTATIONS FAMILIES FAMILY FEES FINANCE ACCESS FINANCE COSTS FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCIAL INNOVATION FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATIONS FINANCIAL MARKET FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL NEEDS FINANCIAL PRODUCT FINANCIAL PRODUCTS FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORMS FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEM FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FINANCING FIRM DYNAMICS FIRM SIZE FISCAL DEFICITS FIXED COST FIXED COSTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FORMAL FINANCIAL MARKET GENDER GENDER EQUALITY GENDER MAINSTREAMING GOOD CREDIT GOVERNMENT POLICIES GREATER ACCESS GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HOME MORTGAGES HOUSEHOLD HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RIGHTS HUSBAND INCENTIVES INEQUALITY INFORMAL WORKERS INFORMATION ASYMMETRY INTEREST INTEREST RATE INTERNAL FUNDS INTERNATIONAL BANK INVESTMENT INVESTMENT BARRIERS JOB JOB CREATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOBS JOBS CREATION KEY CHALLENGE KEY CHALLENGES LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LACK OF ACCESS LAND LENDING DECISIONS LENDING TECHNIQUES LINE OF CREDIT LOAN LOAN APPLICATION LOAN TERM MARKET ECONOMY MARKET INFORMATION MICRO ENTERPRISES MODELS MOVABLE COLLATERAL NEW BUSINESS NEW BUSINESSES OIL OPTIONS OUTREACH PATENTS PAYMENT PAYMENTS PEOPLE PERSONAL ASSETS PERSONAL FINANCE POLICY DECISIONS POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ECONOMY PRIVATE CREDIT PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVILEGED ACCESS PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROPERTY PROPERTY AS COLLATERAL PUBLIC CREDIT PUBLIC FINANCES RED TAPE REGULATORY POLICY REVENUES SMALL BUSINESS SMALL BUSINESSES SMALL ENTERPRISES SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOURCE OF INCOME START-UP START-UPS SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX RATES TAXES TERM CREDIT TRADE TREASURY BILLS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNFAIR COMPETITION UNION VALUES VENTURE CAPITAL FIRMS WAGES WOMAN WOMAN ENTREPRENEURS WOMEN WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS WORKING CAPITAL Recent economic and political developments have highlighted a challenge shared across the Arab region of generating employment, promoting inclusive growth, and improving competitiveness. In the short run, weakened macroeconomic fundamentals in the developing economies of the Middle East and North Africa are a key challenge. The region's main challenge is to achieve sustainable growth that delivers the quantity and quality of jobs needed. An inclusive and competitive private sector has proven to be one of the most effective and long-term solutions for this challenge. This paper provides an analytical framework to diagnose and identify key challenges to the growth of small and medium enterprises that is supported by a quantitative model based on the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys database. The findings reconfirm that the route to a sustained role for small and medium enterprises in job creation requires improving the credibility of reforms, the effectiveness of policies, and equitable enforcement. Although one size fits all is infeasible for Arab countries, it is important to design policies across sectors to create productive employment and promote economic growth. Supporting innovation and enhancing access to finance are central to the development agenda for small and medium enterprises. And creating an enabling environment and setting up accountable institutions are key to ensure equal opportunity and inclusive growth. 2014-02-04T20:54:11Z 2014-02-04T20:54:11Z 2013-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/10/18459377/sme-contributions-employment-job-creation-growth-arab-world http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16897 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6682 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Middle East and North Africa North Africa Middle East |