Air Transport and Energy Efficiency
The air transport sector is enjoying an optimistic growth rate while at the same time eliciting growing concern, due to its environmental impact and its vulnerability with respect to energy security. These issues have put the sector at the forefron...
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| Format: | Other Infrastructure Study |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/02/16226814/air-transport-energy-efficiency http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16805 |
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okr-10986-16805 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
AIR AIR CARGO AIR CONDITIONING AIR FARES AIR FREIGHT AIR NAVIGATION AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES AIR PASSENGER AIR PASSENGER DUTY AIR SERVICE AIR SERVICES AIR TRAFFIC AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AIR TRANSPORT AIR TRANSPORT SECTOR AIR TRANSPORT SYSTEM AIR TRAVEL AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS AIRCRAFT FUEL AIRCRAFT FUEL CONSUMPTION AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS AIRCRAFT NOISE AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY AIRLINE INDUSTRY AIRPORT AIRPORT CAPACITY AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AIRPORT OPERATIONS AIRPORT OPERATORS AIRPORTS AIRSPACE CAPACITY AIRWAYS ALTERNATIVE FUEL ALTERNATIVE FUELS ALTITUDE ALUMINUM ATMOSPHERE AVERAGE FUEL EFFICIENCY AVERAGE LOAD FACTORS AVIATION ACTIVITIES AVIATION EMISSIONS AVIATION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AVIATION FUEL AVIATION INDUSTRY AVIATION NOISE AVIATION SECTOR BIOMASS BUSES CALCULATION CAR CAR OWNERSHIP CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DISCLOSURE PROJECT CARBON EMISSIONS CARBON ENERGY CARBON FINANCE CARBON FOOTPRINT CARBON FUELS CARBON MONOXIDE CARBON OFFSET CARRIERS CERTIFIED EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS CH4 CIRRUS CLOUDS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SYSTEM CO CO2 COAL COLORS COMMERCIAL AVIATION CONGESTION COST OF CARBON CRUDE OIL CRUDE OIL PRICE DIESEL DIESEL FUEL DIRECT ROUTES DOMESTIC FLIGHTS DRIVERS DRIVING DUST EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION EMISSION TRADING EMISSION TRADING SYSTEM EMISSION-REDUCTION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS FROM AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS FROM AVIATION EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEMES ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS FARES FINANCIAL INCENTIVES FLEET RENEWAL FLEET REPLACEMENT FLIGHT PATHS FLIGHT PLANNING FOREST FOREST DEGRADATION FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUELS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE FREIGHT SERVICES FUEL FUEL BURN FUEL CONSERVATION FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL EFFICIENCY GAINS FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES FUEL SAVINGS FUEL TECHNOLOGIES FUEL USE GAS EMISSIONS GASEOUS EMISSIONS GASOLINE GHG GLOBAL CARBON DIOXIDE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS CONCENTRATIONS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HALIDE HARMFUL EMISSIONS HEATING SYSTEMS HISTORICAL EMISSIONS HYDROCARBONS IMPROVEMENT IN FUEL EFFICIENCY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS INTERNATIONAL AVIATION INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS IPCC LAND USE LEVELS OF EMISSIONS LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS LOCAL AIR QUALITY LOW-CARBON MERCURY METALS MODES OF TRANSPORT NATURAL GAS NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOISE NOISE ABATEMENT NOISE EXPOSURE NOISE FOOTPRINT NOISE LEVELS NOX O&M PARTICLES PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PASSENGER TRAFFIC PASSENGER VOLUMES PASSENGERS PETROLEUM GAS POWER SOURCES POWER SUPPLY PROFIT MARGINS RAIL RAILWAY RAILWAY NETWORK RENEWABLE ENERGY REVENUE PASSENGER ROAD ROUTE ROUTES RUNWAY RUNWAYS SAFETY SIGNAGE SODIUM SPEEDS STRATOSPHERE SULFUR SULFUR OXIDE TEMPERATURE TOTAL EMISSIONS TRADABLE CARBON TRAFFIC TRAFFIC DEMAND TRAFFIC FLOWS TRAFFIC GROWTH TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TRAFFIC REDUCTIONS TRAILS TRANSPORT TRANSPORT EFFICIENCY TRANSPORT ENERGY CONSUMPTION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRAVEL DEMAND TRIP TRIP BASIS TRUE URBAN TRANSPORT USE OF AIRSPACE VEHICLES VOC VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS WATER VAPOR WEATHER CONDITIONS WIND |
| spellingShingle |
AIR AIR CARGO AIR CONDITIONING AIR FARES AIR FREIGHT AIR NAVIGATION AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES AIR PASSENGER AIR PASSENGER DUTY AIR SERVICE AIR SERVICES AIR TRAFFIC AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AIR TRANSPORT AIR TRANSPORT SECTOR AIR TRANSPORT SYSTEM AIR TRAVEL AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS AIRCRAFT FUEL AIRCRAFT FUEL CONSUMPTION AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS AIRCRAFT NOISE AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY AIRLINE INDUSTRY AIRPORT AIRPORT CAPACITY AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AIRPORT OPERATIONS AIRPORT OPERATORS AIRPORTS AIRSPACE CAPACITY AIRWAYS ALTERNATIVE FUEL ALTERNATIVE FUELS ALTITUDE ALUMINUM ATMOSPHERE AVERAGE FUEL EFFICIENCY AVERAGE LOAD FACTORS AVIATION ACTIVITIES AVIATION EMISSIONS AVIATION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AVIATION FUEL AVIATION INDUSTRY AVIATION NOISE AVIATION SECTOR BIOMASS BUSES CALCULATION CAR CAR OWNERSHIP CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DISCLOSURE PROJECT CARBON EMISSIONS CARBON ENERGY CARBON FINANCE CARBON FOOTPRINT CARBON FUELS CARBON MONOXIDE CARBON OFFSET CARRIERS CERTIFIED EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS CH4 CIRRUS CLOUDS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SYSTEM CO CO2 COAL COLORS COMMERCIAL AVIATION CONGESTION COST OF CARBON CRUDE OIL CRUDE OIL PRICE DIESEL DIESEL FUEL DIRECT ROUTES DOMESTIC FLIGHTS DRIVERS DRIVING DUST EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION EMISSION TRADING EMISSION TRADING SYSTEM EMISSION-REDUCTION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS FROM AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS FROM AVIATION EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEMES ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS FARES FINANCIAL INCENTIVES FLEET RENEWAL FLEET REPLACEMENT FLIGHT PATHS FLIGHT PLANNING FOREST FOREST DEGRADATION FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUELS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE FREIGHT SERVICES FUEL FUEL BURN FUEL CONSERVATION FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL EFFICIENCY GAINS FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES FUEL SAVINGS FUEL TECHNOLOGIES FUEL USE GAS EMISSIONS GASEOUS EMISSIONS GASOLINE GHG GLOBAL CARBON DIOXIDE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS CONCENTRATIONS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HALIDE HARMFUL EMISSIONS HEATING SYSTEMS HISTORICAL EMISSIONS HYDROCARBONS IMPROVEMENT IN FUEL EFFICIENCY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS INTERNATIONAL AVIATION INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS IPCC LAND USE LEVELS OF EMISSIONS LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS LOCAL AIR QUALITY LOW-CARBON MERCURY METALS MODES OF TRANSPORT NATURAL GAS NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOISE NOISE ABATEMENT NOISE EXPOSURE NOISE FOOTPRINT NOISE LEVELS NOX O&M PARTICLES PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PASSENGER TRAFFIC PASSENGER VOLUMES PASSENGERS PETROLEUM GAS POWER SOURCES POWER SUPPLY PROFIT MARGINS RAIL RAILWAY RAILWAY NETWORK RENEWABLE ENERGY REVENUE PASSENGER ROAD ROUTE ROUTES RUNWAY RUNWAYS SAFETY SIGNAGE SODIUM SPEEDS STRATOSPHERE SULFUR SULFUR OXIDE TEMPERATURE TOTAL EMISSIONS TRADABLE CARBON TRAFFIC TRAFFIC DEMAND TRAFFIC FLOWS TRAFFIC GROWTH TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TRAFFIC REDUCTIONS TRAILS TRANSPORT TRANSPORT EFFICIENCY TRANSPORT ENERGY CONSUMPTION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRAVEL DEMAND TRIP TRIP BASIS TRUE URBAN TRANSPORT USE OF AIRSPACE VEHICLES VOC VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS WATER VAPOR WEATHER CONDITIONS WIND World Bank Air Transport and Energy Efficiency |
| relation |
Transport papers;no. 38 |
| description |
The air transport sector is enjoying an
optimistic growth rate while at the same time eliciting
growing concern, due to its environmental impact and its
vulnerability with respect to energy security. These issues
have put the sector at the forefront of the tide in
achieving energy efficiency. Efforts have been made on every
front to improve efficiency through better technology,
optimized operation, as well as energy-saving
infrastructure. This report includes five chapters. Chapter
1 will introduce the air transport energy consumption
outlook though the analysis of the growth of air services as
well as consumption of fossil fuel-based energy. Chapter two
will discuss air transport's impact on the environment
and the response and actions from the air transport sector.
Chapter three will detail potential energy efficiency gains
in aircraft design, air service operation, as well as
infrastructure design. The role of the government and
private sector in fostering and supporting those energy
efficiency gains will also be discussed. Chapter four will
enumerate policy options for countries with respect to air
transport energy efficiency, focusing on fiscal measures.
Finally, chapter five presents an analysis of support and
financing measures that can be taken by the World Bank and
its member countries. This report compiles a maximum of
information on the issues culled from existing research as
well as from open sources provided by partner organizations
and industry. It aims to guide the air transport industry,
policy makers, and development institutions on where to
focus their investments or support in developing and
emerging markets in order to address the energy and climate
change challenges ahead. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Other Infrastructure Study |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Air Transport and Energy Efficiency |
| title_short |
Air Transport and Energy Efficiency |
| title_full |
Air Transport and Energy Efficiency |
| title_fullStr |
Air Transport and Energy Efficiency |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Air Transport and Energy Efficiency |
| title_sort |
air transport and energy efficiency |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/02/16226814/air-transport-energy-efficiency http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16805 |
| _version_ |
1764434377434988544 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-168052021-04-23T14:03:31Z Air Transport and Energy Efficiency World Bank AIR AIR CARGO AIR CONDITIONING AIR FARES AIR FREIGHT AIR NAVIGATION AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES AIR PASSENGER AIR PASSENGER DUTY AIR SERVICE AIR SERVICES AIR TRAFFIC AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AIR TRANSPORT AIR TRANSPORT SECTOR AIR TRANSPORT SYSTEM AIR TRAVEL AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS AIRCRAFT FUEL AIRCRAFT FUEL CONSUMPTION AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS AIRCRAFT NOISE AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY AIRLINE INDUSTRY AIRPORT AIRPORT CAPACITY AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AIRPORT OPERATIONS AIRPORT OPERATORS AIRPORTS AIRSPACE CAPACITY AIRWAYS ALTERNATIVE FUEL ALTERNATIVE FUELS ALTITUDE ALUMINUM ATMOSPHERE AVERAGE FUEL EFFICIENCY AVERAGE LOAD FACTORS AVIATION ACTIVITIES AVIATION EMISSIONS AVIATION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AVIATION FUEL AVIATION INDUSTRY AVIATION NOISE AVIATION SECTOR BIOMASS BUSES CALCULATION CAR CAR OWNERSHIP CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DISCLOSURE PROJECT CARBON EMISSIONS CARBON ENERGY CARBON FINANCE CARBON FOOTPRINT CARBON FUELS CARBON MONOXIDE CARBON OFFSET CARRIERS CERTIFIED EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS CH4 CIRRUS CLOUDS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SYSTEM CO CO2 COAL COLORS COMMERCIAL AVIATION CONGESTION COST OF CARBON CRUDE OIL CRUDE OIL PRICE DIESEL DIESEL FUEL DIRECT ROUTES DOMESTIC FLIGHTS DRIVERS DRIVING DUST EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION EMISSION TRADING EMISSION TRADING SYSTEM EMISSION-REDUCTION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS FROM AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS FROM AVIATION EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEMES ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS FARES FINANCIAL INCENTIVES FLEET RENEWAL FLEET REPLACEMENT FLIGHT PATHS FLIGHT PLANNING FOREST FOREST DEGRADATION FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUELS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE FREIGHT SERVICES FUEL FUEL BURN FUEL CONSERVATION FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL EFFICIENCY GAINS FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES FUEL SAVINGS FUEL TECHNOLOGIES FUEL USE GAS EMISSIONS GASEOUS EMISSIONS GASOLINE GHG GLOBAL CARBON DIOXIDE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS CONCENTRATIONS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HALIDE HARMFUL EMISSIONS HEATING SYSTEMS HISTORICAL EMISSIONS HYDROCARBONS IMPROVEMENT IN FUEL EFFICIENCY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS INTERNATIONAL AVIATION INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS IPCC LAND USE LEVELS OF EMISSIONS LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS LOCAL AIR QUALITY LOW-CARBON MERCURY METALS MODES OF TRANSPORT NATURAL GAS NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NOISE NOISE ABATEMENT NOISE EXPOSURE NOISE FOOTPRINT NOISE LEVELS NOX O&M PARTICLES PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PASSENGER TRAFFIC PASSENGER VOLUMES PASSENGERS PETROLEUM GAS POWER SOURCES POWER SUPPLY PROFIT MARGINS RAIL RAILWAY RAILWAY NETWORK RENEWABLE ENERGY REVENUE PASSENGER ROAD ROUTE ROUTES RUNWAY RUNWAYS SAFETY SIGNAGE SODIUM SPEEDS STRATOSPHERE SULFUR SULFUR OXIDE TEMPERATURE TOTAL EMISSIONS TRADABLE CARBON TRAFFIC TRAFFIC DEMAND TRAFFIC FLOWS TRAFFIC GROWTH TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TRAFFIC REDUCTIONS TRAILS TRANSPORT TRANSPORT EFFICIENCY TRANSPORT ENERGY CONSUMPTION TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRAVEL DEMAND TRIP TRIP BASIS TRUE URBAN TRANSPORT USE OF AIRSPACE VEHICLES VOC VOLUNTARY AGREEMENTS WATER VAPOR WEATHER CONDITIONS WIND The air transport sector is enjoying an optimistic growth rate while at the same time eliciting growing concern, due to its environmental impact and its vulnerability with respect to energy security. These issues have put the sector at the forefront of the tide in achieving energy efficiency. Efforts have been made on every front to improve efficiency through better technology, optimized operation, as well as energy-saving infrastructure. This report includes five chapters. Chapter 1 will introduce the air transport energy consumption outlook though the analysis of the growth of air services as well as consumption of fossil fuel-based energy. Chapter two will discuss air transport's impact on the environment and the response and actions from the air transport sector. Chapter three will detail potential energy efficiency gains in aircraft design, air service operation, as well as infrastructure design. The role of the government and private sector in fostering and supporting those energy efficiency gains will also be discussed. Chapter four will enumerate policy options for countries with respect to air transport energy efficiency, focusing on fiscal measures. Finally, chapter five presents an analysis of support and financing measures that can be taken by the World Bank and its member countries. This report compiles a maximum of information on the issues culled from existing research as well as from open sources provided by partner organizations and industry. It aims to guide the air transport industry, policy makers, and development institutions on where to focus their investments or support in developing and emerging markets in order to address the energy and climate change challenges ahead. 2014-02-03T19:32:13Z 2014-02-03T19:32:13Z 2012-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/02/16226814/air-transport-energy-efficiency http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16805 English en_US Transport papers;no. 38 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Other Infrastructure Study Economic & Sector Work |