Overview of the Research and Innovation Sector in the Western Balkans
This overview of the research sector in the Western Balkans is a companion piece to the Western Balkans regional research and development (R and D) strategy for innovation. The strategy aims to strengthen the region's research capacity, enhanc...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/10/18433250/western-balkans-regional-research-development-strategy-innovation-overview-research-innovation-sector-western-balkans http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16625 |
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okr-10986-16625 |
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oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE ACTION PLAN ADVANCED RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH APPLIED RESEARCH BASIC RESEARCH BEST PRACTICES BIOTECHNOLOGY BLOCK GRANTS BRAIN DRAIN BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT BUSINESS INDICATORS BUSINESS INNOVATION BUSINESS SECTOR BUSINESS SECTORS BUSINESS SERVICES BUSINESSES CAPACITY BUILDING CAREER CAREERS CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE COLLABORATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITION POLICY DATA LIMITATIONS DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DIASPORA EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS EMPLOYMENT ENGINEERS ENROLLMENT RATES ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT ENTERPRISE SECTOR ENTERPRISE SECTORS EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURES FACULTIES FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN RESEARCHERS FTE HARMONIZATION HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION LAW HIGHLY EDUCATED INDIVIDUALS HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRATION LAWS INNOVATION INNOVATION POLICIES INNOVATION POLICY INNOVATION PROGRAMS INNOVATIONS INSTALLATION INSTITUTION INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INTERMEDIARY ORGANIZATIONS INVENTIONS INVESTMENTS IN R&D IP KNOWLEDGE FACTOR KNOWLEDGE NETWORKS KNOWLEDGE SHARING LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGAL FRAMEWORKS LICENSING MANAGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANUFACTURING MEDICAL DOCTORS MEDICINE NATURAL SCIENCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES PAPERS PEER REVIEW PERFORMANCES POLICY FRAMEWORK PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAMS PROTOTYPE PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES R&D EXPENDITURES REGRESSION ANALYSIS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RESEARCH CAPACITY RESEARCH EQUIPMENT RESEARCH EXCELLENCE RESEARCH FACILITIES RESEARCH FUNDING RESEARCH FUNDS RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS RESEARCH SECTOR RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES RESEARCH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH WORKERS RESEARCHERS RESULT RESULTS SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY SCIENTIFIC EQUIPMENT SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCIENTISTS SECONDARY EDUCATION SKILLED PROFESSIONALS TEACHERS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE TECHNICIANS TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION TECHNOLOGY PARK TECHNOLOGY PARKS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER OFFICES TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY ENROLLMENT RATE TRANSACTION UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS VALUE CHAINS VENTURE CAPITAL WEB WEB SITES WORKERS |
| spellingShingle |
ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE ACTION PLAN ADVANCED RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH APPLIED RESEARCH BASIC RESEARCH BEST PRACTICES BIOTECHNOLOGY BLOCK GRANTS BRAIN DRAIN BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT BUSINESS INDICATORS BUSINESS INNOVATION BUSINESS SECTOR BUSINESS SECTORS BUSINESS SERVICES BUSINESSES CAPACITY BUILDING CAREER CAREERS CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE COLLABORATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITION POLICY DATA LIMITATIONS DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DIASPORA EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS EMPLOYMENT ENGINEERS ENROLLMENT RATES ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT ENTERPRISE SECTOR ENTERPRISE SECTORS EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURES FACULTIES FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN RESEARCHERS FTE HARMONIZATION HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION LAW HIGHLY EDUCATED INDIVIDUALS HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRATION LAWS INNOVATION INNOVATION POLICIES INNOVATION POLICY INNOVATION PROGRAMS INNOVATIONS INSTALLATION INSTITUTION INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INTERMEDIARY ORGANIZATIONS INVENTIONS INVESTMENTS IN R&D IP KNOWLEDGE FACTOR KNOWLEDGE NETWORKS KNOWLEDGE SHARING LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGAL FRAMEWORKS LICENSING MANAGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANUFACTURING MEDICAL DOCTORS MEDICINE NATURAL SCIENCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES PAPERS PEER REVIEW PERFORMANCES POLICY FRAMEWORK PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAMS PROTOTYPE PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES R&D EXPENDITURES REGRESSION ANALYSIS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RESEARCH CAPACITY RESEARCH EQUIPMENT RESEARCH EXCELLENCE RESEARCH FACILITIES RESEARCH FUNDING RESEARCH FUNDS RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS RESEARCH SECTOR RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES RESEARCH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH WORKERS RESEARCHERS RESULT RESULTS SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY SCIENTIFIC EQUIPMENT SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCIENTISTS SECONDARY EDUCATION SKILLED PROFESSIONALS TEACHERS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE TECHNICIANS TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION TECHNOLOGY PARK TECHNOLOGY PARKS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER OFFICES TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY ENROLLMENT RATE TRANSACTION UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS VALUE CHAINS VENTURE CAPITAL WEB WEB SITES WORKERS World Bank Overview of the Research and Innovation Sector in the Western Balkans |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia |
| description |
This overview of the research sector in
the Western Balkans is a companion piece to the Western
Balkans regional research and development (R and D) strategy
for innovation. The strategy aims to strengthen the
region's research capacity, enhance intraregional
cooperation, promote collaboration with business sectors,
explore possibilities for financing R and D from European
Union (EU) funding schemes and other external sources, and
help integrate the region into the European research area
(ERA) and innovation union. This overview provides the
background and analysis that informed the development of the
strategy. The background work includes four studies on the
different components of the research sector, a policy
questionnaire, and seven country studies reviewing key
policies, institutions, and performance of the national
research sectors. This overview outlines the performance of
the research and innovation sector, and describes the major
drivers of this performance. It starts by presenting a
framework of the different components of research and
innovation in the Western Balkans. This leads into section
two discussing the performance of the research sector, which
has been improving, but still lags international benchmarks.
This reflects a number of challenges facing the sector,
including the effects of a substantial brain drain,
insufficient funding and a mismatch between research
facilities, and economic needs. Section three discusses the
technology transfer system and its important role in the
performance of the research and innovation sector as a
whole. The contribution of technology transfer in the region
is limited, as reflected for example, in the limited
interaction between the research and enterprise sectors. The
enterprise sector is discussed in section four. Section five
describes the policy and institutional framework, pointing
out a number of areas where this can be strengthened. This
includes improving the career path for researchers,
providing more funding through competitive processes as
opposed to block grants, and continuing to strengthen policy
co-ordination. The final section concludes. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Overview of the Research and Innovation Sector in the Western Balkans |
| title_short |
Overview of the Research and Innovation Sector in the Western Balkans |
| title_full |
Overview of the Research and Innovation Sector in the Western Balkans |
| title_fullStr |
Overview of the Research and Innovation Sector in the Western Balkans |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Overview of the Research and Innovation Sector in the Western Balkans |
| title_sort |
overview of the research and innovation sector in the western balkans |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/10/18433250/western-balkans-regional-research-development-strategy-innovation-overview-research-innovation-sector-western-balkans http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16625 |
| _version_ |
1764433852101558272 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-166252021-04-23T14:03:30Z Overview of the Research and Innovation Sector in the Western Balkans World Bank ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE ACTION PLAN ADVANCED RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH APPLIED RESEARCH BASIC RESEARCH BEST PRACTICES BIOTECHNOLOGY BLOCK GRANTS BRAIN DRAIN BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT BUSINESS INDICATORS BUSINESS INNOVATION BUSINESS SECTOR BUSINESS SECTORS BUSINESS SERVICES BUSINESSES CAPACITY BUILDING CAREER CAREERS CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE COLLABORATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMPARATOR COUNTRIES COMPETITION POLICY DATA LIMITATIONS DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DIASPORA EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS EMPLOYMENT ENGINEERS ENROLLMENT RATES ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT ENTERPRISE SECTOR ENTERPRISE SECTORS EQUIPMENT EXPENDITURES FACULTIES FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN RESEARCHERS FTE HARMONIZATION HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION LAW HIGHLY EDUCATED INDIVIDUALS HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRATION LAWS INNOVATION INNOVATION POLICIES INNOVATION POLICY INNOVATION PROGRAMS INNOVATIONS INSTALLATION INSTITUTION INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INTERMEDIARY ORGANIZATIONS INVENTIONS INVESTMENTS IN R&D IP KNOWLEDGE FACTOR KNOWLEDGE NETWORKS KNOWLEDGE SHARING LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGAL FRAMEWORKS LICENSING MANAGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MANUFACTURING MEDICAL DOCTORS MEDICINE NATURAL SCIENCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES PAPERS PEER REVIEW PERFORMANCES POLICY FRAMEWORK PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAMS PROTOTYPE PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES R&D EXPENDITURES REGRESSION ANALYSIS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RESEARCH CAPACITY RESEARCH EQUIPMENT RESEARCH EXCELLENCE RESEARCH FACILITIES RESEARCH FUNDING RESEARCH FUNDS RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS RESEARCH SECTOR RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES RESEARCH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH WORKERS RESEARCHERS RESULT RESULTS SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY SCIENTIFIC EQUIPMENT SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCIENTISTS SECONDARY EDUCATION SKILLED PROFESSIONALS TEACHERS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE TECHNICIANS TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION TECHNOLOGY PARK TECHNOLOGY PARKS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER OFFICES TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY ENROLLMENT RATE TRANSACTION UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS VALUE CHAINS VENTURE CAPITAL WEB WEB SITES WORKERS This overview of the research sector in the Western Balkans is a companion piece to the Western Balkans regional research and development (R and D) strategy for innovation. The strategy aims to strengthen the region's research capacity, enhance intraregional cooperation, promote collaboration with business sectors, explore possibilities for financing R and D from European Union (EU) funding schemes and other external sources, and help integrate the region into the European research area (ERA) and innovation union. This overview provides the background and analysis that informed the development of the strategy. The background work includes four studies on the different components of the research sector, a policy questionnaire, and seven country studies reviewing key policies, institutions, and performance of the national research sectors. This overview outlines the performance of the research and innovation sector, and describes the major drivers of this performance. It starts by presenting a framework of the different components of research and innovation in the Western Balkans. This leads into section two discussing the performance of the research sector, which has been improving, but still lags international benchmarks. This reflects a number of challenges facing the sector, including the effects of a substantial brain drain, insufficient funding and a mismatch between research facilities, and economic needs. Section three discusses the technology transfer system and its important role in the performance of the research and innovation sector as a whole. The contribution of technology transfer in the region is limited, as reflected for example, in the limited interaction between the research and enterprise sectors. The enterprise sector is discussed in section four. Section five describes the policy and institutional framework, pointing out a number of areas where this can be strengthened. This includes improving the career path for researchers, providing more funding through competitive processes as opposed to block grants, and continuing to strengthen policy co-ordination. The final section concludes. 2014-01-28T00:40:15Z 2014-01-28T00:40:15Z 2013-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/10/18433250/western-balkans-regional-research-development-strategy-innovation-overview-research-innovation-sector-western-balkans http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16625 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Europe and Central Asia |