Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview
Violent conflict is a pervasive feature of the recent global landscape which has lasting impacts on human capital and these impacts are seldom gender neutral. Death and destruction alter the structure and dynamics of households, including their demographic profiles and traditional gender roles. To d...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, D.C.
2013
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| Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16326 |
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okr-10986-16326 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
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en_US |
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access to health care adolescents age at marriage aged aggressive Agricultural production anxiety armed conflict Armed Conflicts babies battle beatings Bulletin Capacity Building chances of survival child development Child Labor child mortality Child Survival childbearing Chronic Poverty civic participation civil conflict civil war civil wars Communicable Diseases conflict prevention conflict research consensual unions crime Cultural Change deaths Deaths of Children demographic changes demographic transition depression developing countries development policy disability domestic abuse domestic violence Early Childhood economic development economic opportunities economic policies economic resources economic status Emergencies emergency situations Epidemiology ethnic cleansing ex-combatants excess mortality exposure to violence families family members Family Planning Female Labor Force fertility fertility behavior Fertility Decline fertility patterns First Birth Food Security Forced Migration gender differentials gender equality gender inequalities Gender Inequality gender issues genocide girl children health care health consequences health facilities health outcomes health services health system HIV hospital hospitals household income household poverty household surveys human capital human development Human Rights human welfare Immunization impact of conflict incidence of poverty infant infant mortality infant mortality rate infectious diseases infrastructure destruction injuries interdependence International Bank International Cooperation International Family Planning International Family Planning Perspectives International Journal of Epidemiology Intervention labor force labor market labor markets labor supply Labour Supply land ownership large numbers of people loss of land loss of men low-income countries malaria male mortality marital fertility maternal mortality Medical Services mental mental health migration morbidity mortality mortality of men nations neonatal mortality number of people number of refugees Nutrition nutritional status obstetric fistula older people opportunities for women orphans Parenting peace places of origin police force policy discussions Policy Implications Policy Research Policy Research Working Paper Political Activity political participation polygamous marriages poor health Population and Development Population Change Population Conference Population Research Population Studies postconflict reconstruction postconflict settings pregnancy progress Psychiatry Public Affairs public health Public Health Problem radio rape Reconciliation refugee refugee camps refugee children refugee movements refugee status Refugee Women refugees Religious Beliefs religious groups reproductive health Research Policy Research Program resource allocation returnees role of gender rural areas rural infrastructure rural population rural women sanitation school age secondary education secondary school secondary schooling service delivery Sex sex ratios sexual abuse sexual violence sexually transmitted infections skilled workers social networks social services spillover spouse teenage girls teenagers traditional gender roles transportation trauma Traumatic Stress Disorder unions United Nations Development Fund for Women United Nations Population Division unwanted pregnancies urban migration vaccination vicious cycle victims violence violence against women violence victims Violent Conflict Vulnerability war wars wartime rape workers workforce World Health Organization Young adult Young Children young men |
| spellingShingle |
access to health care adolescents age at marriage aged aggressive Agricultural production anxiety armed conflict Armed Conflicts babies battle beatings Bulletin Capacity Building chances of survival child development Child Labor child mortality Child Survival childbearing Chronic Poverty civic participation civil conflict civil war civil wars Communicable Diseases conflict prevention conflict research consensual unions crime Cultural Change deaths Deaths of Children demographic changes demographic transition depression developing countries development policy disability domestic abuse domestic violence Early Childhood economic development economic opportunities economic policies economic resources economic status Emergencies emergency situations Epidemiology ethnic cleansing ex-combatants excess mortality exposure to violence families family members Family Planning Female Labor Force fertility fertility behavior Fertility Decline fertility patterns First Birth Food Security Forced Migration gender differentials gender equality gender inequalities Gender Inequality gender issues genocide girl children health care health consequences health facilities health outcomes health services health system HIV hospital hospitals household income household poverty household surveys human capital human development Human Rights human welfare Immunization impact of conflict incidence of poverty infant infant mortality infant mortality rate infectious diseases infrastructure destruction injuries interdependence International Bank International Cooperation International Family Planning International Family Planning Perspectives International Journal of Epidemiology Intervention labor force labor market labor markets labor supply Labour Supply land ownership large numbers of people loss of land loss of men low-income countries malaria male mortality marital fertility maternal mortality Medical Services mental mental health migration morbidity mortality mortality of men nations neonatal mortality number of people number of refugees Nutrition nutritional status obstetric fistula older people opportunities for women orphans Parenting peace places of origin police force policy discussions Policy Implications Policy Research Policy Research Working Paper Political Activity political participation polygamous marriages poor health Population and Development Population Change Population Conference Population Research Population Studies postconflict reconstruction postconflict settings pregnancy progress Psychiatry Public Affairs public health Public Health Problem radio rape Reconciliation refugee refugee camps refugee children refugee movements refugee status Refugee Women refugees Religious Beliefs religious groups reproductive health Research Policy Research Program resource allocation returnees role of gender rural areas rural infrastructure rural population rural women sanitation school age secondary education secondary school secondary schooling service delivery Sex sex ratios sexual abuse sexual violence sexually transmitted infections skilled workers social networks social services spillover spouse teenage girls teenagers traditional gender roles transportation trauma Traumatic Stress Disorder unions United Nations Development Fund for Women United Nations Population Division unwanted pregnancies urban migration vaccination vicious cycle victims violence violence against women violence victims Violent Conflict Vulnerability war wars wartime rape workers workforce World Health Organization Young adult Young Children young men Buvinic, Mayra Das Gupta, Monica Casabonne, Ursula Verwimp, Philip Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No.6371 |
| description |
Violent conflict is a pervasive feature of the recent global landscape which has lasting impacts on human capital and these impacts are seldom gender neutral. Death and destruction alter the structure and dynamics of households, including their demographic profiles and traditional gender roles. To date, attention to the gender impacts of conflict has focused almost exclusively on sexual and gender-based violence. The authors show that a far wider set of gender issues must be considered to better document the human consequences of war and to design effective postconflict policies. The emerging empirical evidence is organized using a framework that identifies both the differential impacts of violent conflict on males and females (first-round impacts) and the role of gender inequality in framing adaptive responses to conflict (second-round impacts). War's mortality burden is disproportionately borne by males, whereas women and children constitute a majority of refugees and the displaced. Indirect war impacts on health are more equally distributed between the genders. Conflicts create households headed by widows who can be especially vulnerable to intergenerational poverty. Second-round impacts can provide opportunities for women in work and politics triggered by the absence of men. Households adapt to conflict with changes in marriage and fertility, migration, investments in children's health and schooling, and the distribution of labor between the genders. The impacts of conflict are heterogeneous and can either increase or decrease preexisting gender inequalities. Describing these gender differential effects is a first step toward developing evidence-based conflict prevention and postconflict policy. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Buvinic, Mayra Das Gupta, Monica Casabonne, Ursula Verwimp, Philip |
| author_facet |
Buvinic, Mayra Das Gupta, Monica Casabonne, Ursula Verwimp, Philip |
| author_sort |
Buvinic, Mayra |
| title |
Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview |
| title_short |
Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview |
| title_full |
Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview |
| title_fullStr |
Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview |
| title_sort |
violent conflict and gender inequality : an overview |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, D.C. |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16326 |
| _version_ |
1764432886575923200 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-163262021-04-23T14:03:28Z Violent Conflict and Gender Inequality : An Overview Buvinic, Mayra Das Gupta, Monica Casabonne, Ursula Verwimp, Philip access to health care adolescents age at marriage aged aggressive Agricultural production anxiety armed conflict Armed Conflicts babies battle beatings Bulletin Capacity Building chances of survival child development Child Labor child mortality Child Survival childbearing Chronic Poverty civic participation civil conflict civil war civil wars Communicable Diseases conflict prevention conflict research consensual unions crime Cultural Change deaths Deaths of Children demographic changes demographic transition depression developing countries development policy disability domestic abuse domestic violence Early Childhood economic development economic opportunities economic policies economic resources economic status Emergencies emergency situations Epidemiology ethnic cleansing ex-combatants excess mortality exposure to violence families family members Family Planning Female Labor Force fertility fertility behavior Fertility Decline fertility patterns First Birth Food Security Forced Migration gender differentials gender equality gender inequalities Gender Inequality gender issues genocide girl children health care health consequences health facilities health outcomes health services health system HIV hospital hospitals household income household poverty household surveys human capital human development Human Rights human welfare Immunization impact of conflict incidence of poverty infant infant mortality infant mortality rate infectious diseases infrastructure destruction injuries interdependence International Bank International Cooperation International Family Planning International Family Planning Perspectives International Journal of Epidemiology Intervention labor force labor market labor markets labor supply Labour Supply land ownership large numbers of people loss of land loss of men low-income countries malaria male mortality marital fertility maternal mortality Medical Services mental mental health migration morbidity mortality mortality of men nations neonatal mortality number of people number of refugees Nutrition nutritional status obstetric fistula older people opportunities for women orphans Parenting peace places of origin police force policy discussions Policy Implications Policy Research Policy Research Working Paper Political Activity political participation polygamous marriages poor health Population and Development Population Change Population Conference Population Research Population Studies postconflict reconstruction postconflict settings pregnancy progress Psychiatry Public Affairs public health Public Health Problem radio rape Reconciliation refugee refugee camps refugee children refugee movements refugee status Refugee Women refugees Religious Beliefs religious groups reproductive health Research Policy Research Program resource allocation returnees role of gender rural areas rural infrastructure rural population rural women sanitation school age secondary education secondary school secondary schooling service delivery Sex sex ratios sexual abuse sexual violence sexually transmitted infections skilled workers social networks social services spillover spouse teenage girls teenagers traditional gender roles transportation trauma Traumatic Stress Disorder unions United Nations Development Fund for Women United Nations Population Division unwanted pregnancies urban migration vaccination vicious cycle victims violence violence against women violence victims Violent Conflict Vulnerability war wars wartime rape workers workforce World Health Organization Young adult Young Children young men Violent conflict is a pervasive feature of the recent global landscape which has lasting impacts on human capital and these impacts are seldom gender neutral. Death and destruction alter the structure and dynamics of households, including their demographic profiles and traditional gender roles. To date, attention to the gender impacts of conflict has focused almost exclusively on sexual and gender-based violence. The authors show that a far wider set of gender issues must be considered to better document the human consequences of war and to design effective postconflict policies. The emerging empirical evidence is organized using a framework that identifies both the differential impacts of violent conflict on males and females (first-round impacts) and the role of gender inequality in framing adaptive responses to conflict (second-round impacts). War's mortality burden is disproportionately borne by males, whereas women and children constitute a majority of refugees and the displaced. Indirect war impacts on health are more equally distributed between the genders. Conflicts create households headed by widows who can be especially vulnerable to intergenerational poverty. Second-round impacts can provide opportunities for women in work and politics triggered by the absence of men. Households adapt to conflict with changes in marriage and fertility, migration, investments in children's health and schooling, and the distribution of labor between the genders. The impacts of conflict are heterogeneous and can either increase or decrease preexisting gender inequalities. Describing these gender differential effects is a first step toward developing evidence-based conflict prevention and postconflict policy. 2013-12-02T15:31:47Z 2013-12-02T15:31:47Z 2013-02 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16326 en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No.6371 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, D.C. Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research |