Europe 2020 Romania : Evidence-based Policies for Productivity, Employment, and Skills Enhancement

Europe 2020 Romania : Evidence-based Policies for Productivity, Employment, and Skills Enhancement

Employment and skills are at the core of Europe 2020, the European Union's (EU) competitiveness strategy, and are decisive for high productivity and sustained growth. Romania has overcome significant challenges on its path to EU membership and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Other Education Study
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT ACTIVE LABOR ACTIVE LABOR MARKET ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAM ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS ADULT EDUCATION AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY AVERAGE WAGE BANKING SECTOR BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURES BENEFIT ANALYSIS BIG CITIES BUDGET CONSTRAINTS BUSINESS CYCLE CAPITAL INVESTMENTS CHILD DEVELOPMENT CITIZENS CLEARINGHOUSE COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS COMPETITIVE ECONOMY CONSOLIDATION DEBT DEFICITS DEMOGRAPHICS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISSEMINATION DRIVERS EARLY CHILDHOOD ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC PROBLEMS ECONOMIC TRANSITION EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT GROWTH EMPLOYMENT LEVELS EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS EMPLOYMENT PERFORMANCE EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICES EMPLOYMENT SITUATION ENTREPRENEURSHIP ETHNIC MINORITIES EXTERNAL MIGRATION FINANCIAL RESOURCES FISCAL POLICY FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FREE TRADE GENDER GAP GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HARD BUDGET CONSTRAINTS HEALTH CONTRIBUTIONS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMPORTANT POLICY INFLATION INFORMAL SECTOR INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERPERSONAL SKILLS JOB CREATION JOB DESTRUCTION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOB SEARCH JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE JOB SEARCHES JOB TRAINING JOB VACANCY JOBLESS GROWTH JOBS LABOR CODE LABOR COSTS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITY LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE LABOR MARKET PROGRAM LABOR MARKET RIGIDITIES LABOR MARKETS LABOR POLICIES LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR REGULATIONS LABOR SUPPLY LABOR SURVEYS LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LIFE-LONG LEARNING LIFELONG LEARNING LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOW EMPLOYMENT MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION MARKET ECONOMY MATHEMATICS MINORITY MODERNIZATION MONETARY POLICY NATIONAL EFFORTS NUMBER OF PEOPLE OCCUPATIONS OLDER ADULTS OLDER WORKERS ON-THE-JOB TRAINING OVEREMPLOYMENT PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN PENSIONS POLICY FORMULATION POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKERS POPULAR SUPPORT POPULATION PROJECTIONS PREVIOUS SECTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIVATE CONSUMPTION PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRODUCT MARKET PRODUCT MARKET REGULATION PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY GAINS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS PROGRESS PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC FINANCE PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SERVICES PURCHASING POWER QUALITY OF EDUCATION REGIONAL LABOR OFFICE RESOURCE ALLOCATION RETIREMENT RISING UNEMPLOYMENT RURAL AREAS RURAL LABOR RURAL POVERTY RURAL RESIDENCE SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTORAL POLICIES SKILLED LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL FACTORS SOCIAL NORMS SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL SECURITY SUBSIDIARY SUBSISTENCE FARMING SUPPLY CHAINS TAX ADMINISTRATION TAX RATES TAXATION TECHNICAL SKILLS TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY LEVEL TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE UNIONS TRAINING PROVIDERS TRAINING SYSTEM TRANSACTIONS COSTS TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPORT UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT FIGURES UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE BILL WAGES WATER SUPPLY WORK FORCE WORKFORCE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING-AGE POPULATION YOUNG MEN YOUNG WOMEN YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/07/18114817/europe-2020-romania-evidence-based-policies-productivity-employment-skills-enhancement http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16255

Description
Summary:	Employment and skills are at the core of Europe 2020, the European Union's (EU) competitiveness strategy, and are decisive for high productivity and sustained growth. Romania has overcome significant challenges on its path to EU membership and in the early years thereafter. However, the Romanian economy has recently come under pressure as a result of the economic crisis and because important reforms in employment and education have not yet been completed. The Europe 2020 Romania report discusses the key challenges currently faced by Romania in the area of productive employment, and proposes a set of steps the Romanian government could consider in order to reach the Europe 2020 targets. Skills remain a major challenge. In particular, there is insufficient provision of the higher level generic and technical skills needed for a modern and competitive economy, including skills for technological innovation and absorption of new technologies. While Romania performs comparatively well in terms of higher education participation rates, there are concerns about early school leavers and the quality of provision, in particular at the tertiary level but also at earlier stages. Skills shortages are a major constraint to economic growth, together with labor participation. For Romania to achieve its Europe 2020 employment target it must increase employment rates, starting with the labor force participation of women, youth and older workers. Achieving the Europe 2020 employment target in Romania thus hinges especially on increasing the labor force participation of the population beyond the age of 55, especially of women. Romania could expand its labor force by at least 25 percent if older workers fulfilled their participation potential. This report argues that by combining policies in two key areas, Romania can achieve its Europe 2020 employment target and go beyond that. The most relevant policy factors under the two pillars: 1) in the short and medium term, policy reforms to enable a faster dynamic of job creation by the private sector; and 2) in the short to longer term, policies to foster the adaptability and productivity of a shrinking and aging workforce.