Environmental Valuation and Greening the National Accounts : Challenges and Initial Practical Steps

The national accounts are the single most important source of information about the economy, and are widely used in all countries to assess economic performance and for policy analysis. However, the national accounts have a number of well-known sho...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Other Environmental Study
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES AGRICULTURE AIR AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMMONIA ANXIETY ASSET VALUATION ASSET VALUE ASSETS ATMOSPHERE BIOMASS CANCER CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON ENERGY CARBON MONOXIDE CARBON SEQUESTRATION CLEAN AIR CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CO CO2 COLORS CONSUMER SURPLUS CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES CONTINGENT VALUATION COST OF CARBON COST-BENEFIT DAMAGES DEMAND CURVE DISCOUNT FACTOR DISCOUNT RATE DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS DRINKING WATER DUST ECOLOGICAL STATUS ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC VALUE ECONOMIC WELFARE ECONOMICS ECOSYSTEM EMISSION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS INVENTORIES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTS ENVIRONMENTAL AMENITIES ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMISTS ENVIRONMENTAL GOODS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL VALUATION ENVIRONMENTAL VALUES EROSION CONTROL EXERCISES EXPENDITURES EXTERNALITIES EXTREME EVENTS FEASIBILITY FISHERIES FOOD PRODUCTION FOREST FOREST ECOSYSTEMS FOREST PRODUCTS FOREST TYPES FORESTS GDP GHG GHGS GREEN ACCOUNTING GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GASES HEADACHES HEALTH CARE HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PROBLEMS HUMAN CAPITAL HYDROCARBONS IMMUNITY INTERVENTION INVENTORIES INVENTORY LAND USE LIFE EXPECTANCY LOWER RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS MARGINAL ABATEMENT MARGINAL ABATEMENT COSTS MARKET PRICES MONETARY TERMS MONETARY VALUE MONETARY VALUES MORBIDITY MORTALITY NATIONAL ACCOUNTING NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL INCOME NATURAL CAPITAL NATURAL RESOURCES NH3 NITRATE NITRATE PARTICLES NITROGEN NITROGEN DIOXIDE NITROGEN OXIDES NO2 NON-USE VALUES NORMAL GOOD NOX NUTRIENTS O3 OPPORTUNITY COSTS OZONE PARTICLES PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PASSIVE USE PM10 POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY DECISIONS POLICY RELEVANCE POLLUTION CONCENTRATIONS POPULATION DENSITIES PORTFOLIO PRESENT VALUE PRODUCERS PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTIVITY PURCHASING POWER RAINFALL RELATIVE PRICE REPLACEMENT COSTS SCENARIOS SHADOW PRICE SHADOW PRICES SINK SO2 SOCIAL COST OF CARBON STATISTICAL ANALYSIS STORM PROTECTION SUBSTITUTION SULPHUR SULPHUR DIOXIDE TIMBER TOTAL ECONOMIC VALUE UNCERTAINTIES USE VALUE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WATER POLLUTION WATER QUALITY WEALTH WETLANDS WILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT WILLINGNESS TO PAY WIND WORKERS WTA WTP
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/12/17816932/environmental-valuation-greening-national-accounts-challenges-initial-practical-steps http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16098

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Summary:	The national accounts are the single most important source of information about the economy, and are widely used in all countries to assess economic performance and for policy analysis. However, the national accounts have a number of well-known shortcomings when it comes to treatment of the environment. For example, while the income from harvesting timber is recorded in national accounts, the simultaneous depletion of natural forest assets is not; perhaps more importantly, essential life-support services provided by forest ecosystems are not explicitly recognized at all. Environmental accounts 'greening the national accounts' have been developed to address the shortcomings of the national accounts, but valuation of environmental services has been controversial.The development of methods to value environmental goods and services continues to evolve apace. In an increasing number of countries, the practical uptake of these methods has accelerated in numerous areas of public policy that have environmental consequences. One policy related domain, however, where this uptake has been largely conspicuous by its absence is national accounting. In this paper, we hope to make the case that there is an opportunity to address this situation.

Environmental Valuation and Greening the National Accounts : Challenges and Initial Practical Steps

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