The Arab Republic of Egypt : For Better or For Worse, Air Pollution in Greater Cairo
This sector note presents the results of the World Bank-led study on the development of a strategy of the government of the Arab Republic of Egypt to respond to air quality problems in Greater Cairo. The Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area (GCMA) is th...
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| Format: | Policy Note |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
Washington, DC
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/04/17802985/egypt-better-or-worse-air-pollution-greater-cairo-sector-note-egypt-better-or-worse-air-pollution-greater-cairo-sector-note http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16086 |
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okr-10986-16086 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ABATEMENT COSTS AIR AIR POLLUTANT AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AIRPORT AIRPORTS ALUMINUM AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMMONIUM AMMONIUM NITRATE AMMONIUM SULFATE APPROACH AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BALANCE BENZENE BIOGAS BUS BUSES CALCULATION CANCER CAR CAR MANUFACTURERS CARBON CARBON EMISSIONS CARS CEMENT CEMENT INDUSTRY CHARCOAL PRODUCTION CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES CHEMICALS CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CO CO2 COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL BANKS COMPOST COMPOSTING CONTINUOUS MONITORING COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS COST EFFECTIVENESS COST OF TRAFFIC CROP RESIDUE DAILY TRIPS DIESEL DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUEL DISABILITIES DISPERSION MODELING DRIVERS DUST ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICIES ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION ABATEMENT EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REGULATIONS EMISSION REQUIREMENTS EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORT ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY POLICY ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS EXHAUST EMISSIONS EXPENDITURES FARE INCREASES FERTILIZERS FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUELS FREE GASOLINE FUEL FUEL CELLS FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL OIL FUEL PRICES FUEL SUBSIDIES FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS GAS SECTOR GHG GLOBAL WARMING GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GASES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HAZARDOUS WASTE HEAVY FUEL OIL HEAVY INDUSTRY HIGH ENERGY HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAYS HYBRID CARS HYDROCARBONS IMPROVEMENT IN FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL EFFICIENCY INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION INSPECTION INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS IRON LAND-USE PLANNING LANDFILLS LOCAL AIR QUALITY LORRIES MASS TRANSIT MASS TRANSIT SYSTEM MOBILITY MODE OF TRANSPORT MOTORWAYS NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STRATEGY NATURAL GAS NATURAL RESOURCES NEIGHBORHOODS NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NO2 NOISE NOISE EXPOSURE NOISE POLLUTION NOX NUCLEAR ENERGY O3 OIL EQUIVALENT OILS OPEN BURNING OPEN DUMPS OZONE OZONE CONCENTRATION PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PASSENGERS PASSENGERS PER DAY PERSONAL VEHICLES PETROCHEMICALS PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PM10 POLLUTION ABATEMENT POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION LOAD POLLUTION REDUCTION POWER POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS POWER SECTORS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE VEHICLE PRIVATE VEHICLES PRODUCERS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC VEHICLES RECYCLING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES RICE STRAW RING ROAD RING ROADS ROAD ROAD FACILITIES ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD NETWORK ROAD SPACE SANITARY LANDFILLS SMOKE SO2 SOLID WASTES SOX SPEEDS STORMS STREETS SULFUR SULFUR OXIDES SULPHUR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAXIS TEMPERATURE TOLL TOLL ROAD TRAFFIC TRAFFIC CONGESTION TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION TRANSPORT TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORT POLICY TRANSPORT STRATEGY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRAVEL SPEED TRUCKS UNDERGROUND URBAN MOTORWAY URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLE VEHICLE EMISSION VEHICLE EMISSIONS VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLES VEHICULAR TRAFFIC VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WASTE DISPOSAL WASTE MANAGEMENT WIND WIND ENERGY |
| spellingShingle |
ABATEMENT COSTS AIR AIR POLLUTANT AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AIRPORT AIRPORTS ALUMINUM AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMMONIUM AMMONIUM NITRATE AMMONIUM SULFATE APPROACH AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BALANCE BENZENE BIOGAS BUS BUSES CALCULATION CANCER CAR CAR MANUFACTURERS CARBON CARBON EMISSIONS CARS CEMENT CEMENT INDUSTRY CHARCOAL PRODUCTION CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES CHEMICALS CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CO CO2 COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL BANKS COMPOST COMPOSTING CONTINUOUS MONITORING COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS COST EFFECTIVENESS COST OF TRAFFIC CROP RESIDUE DAILY TRIPS DIESEL DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUEL DISABILITIES DISPERSION MODELING DRIVERS DUST ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICIES ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION ABATEMENT EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REGULATIONS EMISSION REQUIREMENTS EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORT ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY POLICY ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS EXHAUST EMISSIONS EXPENDITURES FARE INCREASES FERTILIZERS FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUELS FREE GASOLINE FUEL FUEL CELLS FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL OIL FUEL PRICES FUEL SUBSIDIES FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS GAS SECTOR GHG GLOBAL WARMING GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GASES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HAZARDOUS WASTE HEAVY FUEL OIL HEAVY INDUSTRY HIGH ENERGY HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAYS HYBRID CARS HYDROCARBONS IMPROVEMENT IN FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL EFFICIENCY INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION INSPECTION INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS IRON LAND-USE PLANNING LANDFILLS LOCAL AIR QUALITY LORRIES MASS TRANSIT MASS TRANSIT SYSTEM MOBILITY MODE OF TRANSPORT MOTORWAYS NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STRATEGY NATURAL GAS NATURAL RESOURCES NEIGHBORHOODS NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NO2 NOISE NOISE EXPOSURE NOISE POLLUTION NOX NUCLEAR ENERGY O3 OIL EQUIVALENT OILS OPEN BURNING OPEN DUMPS OZONE OZONE CONCENTRATION PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PASSENGERS PASSENGERS PER DAY PERSONAL VEHICLES PETROCHEMICALS PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PM10 POLLUTION ABATEMENT POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION LOAD POLLUTION REDUCTION POWER POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS POWER SECTORS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE VEHICLE PRIVATE VEHICLES PRODUCERS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC VEHICLES RECYCLING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES RICE STRAW RING ROAD RING ROADS ROAD ROAD FACILITIES ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD NETWORK ROAD SPACE SANITARY LANDFILLS SMOKE SO2 SOLID WASTES SOX SPEEDS STORMS STREETS SULFUR SULFUR OXIDES SULPHUR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAXIS TEMPERATURE TOLL TOLL ROAD TRAFFIC TRAFFIC CONGESTION TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION TRANSPORT TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORT POLICY TRANSPORT STRATEGY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRAVEL SPEED TRUCKS UNDERGROUND URBAN MOTORWAY URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLE VEHICLE EMISSION VEHICLE EMISSIONS VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLES VEHICULAR TRAFFIC VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WASTE DISPOSAL WASTE MANAGEMENT WIND WIND ENERGY World Bank The Arab Republic of Egypt : For Better or For Worse, Air Pollution in Greater Cairo |
| geographic_facet |
Middle East and North Africa Egypt, Arab Republic of |
| description |
This sector note presents the results of
the World Bank-led study on the development of a strategy of
the government of the Arab Republic of Egypt to respond to
air quality problems in Greater Cairo. The Greater Cairo
Metropolitan Area (GCMA) is the largest urban and industrial
center in Egypt, which, in 2009, was ranked eighth among the
world's top urban agglomerations. Twenty million people
live and work in Greater Cairo, which is surrounded by major
heavy industries to the north and the south, including
large, as well as small and medium enterprises. As in many
megacities in the world, air pollution has been a chronic
problem in Greater Cairo. The persistent air quality problem
represents a serious hurdle to the competitiveness that is a
key to the socioeconomic development of Greater Cairo and
therefore the nation. An action plan has prepared for the
implementation of the main sectorial policies. This action
plan will have to be developed and changed where required
because it can only be implemented within a coherent
framework of environmental, energy, and economic policies
that need to be defined and adopted by the government.
Therefore, the action plan, as presented in this report,
should be considered as a basis for ongoing discussions with
the government. These discussions must, in any case, be
continued to support the implementation of the work that has
been initiated through this report. The action plan also
identifies the entities that should be involved in or
responsible for implementing and monitoring specific activities. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
The Arab Republic of Egypt : For Better or For Worse, Air Pollution in Greater Cairo |
| title_short |
The Arab Republic of Egypt : For Better or For Worse, Air Pollution in Greater Cairo |
| title_full |
The Arab Republic of Egypt : For Better or For Worse, Air Pollution in Greater Cairo |
| title_fullStr |
The Arab Republic of Egypt : For Better or For Worse, Air Pollution in Greater Cairo |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Arab Republic of Egypt : For Better or For Worse, Air Pollution in Greater Cairo |
| title_sort |
arab republic of egypt : for better or for worse, air pollution in greater cairo |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/04/17802985/egypt-better-or-worse-air-pollution-greater-cairo-sector-note-egypt-better-or-worse-air-pollution-greater-cairo-sector-note http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16086 |
| _version_ |
1764431294160175104 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-160862021-04-23T14:03:22Z The Arab Republic of Egypt : For Better or For Worse, Air Pollution in Greater Cairo World Bank ABATEMENT COSTS AIR AIR POLLUTANT AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION CONTROL AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AIRPORT AIRPORTS ALUMINUM AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMMONIUM AMMONIUM NITRATE AMMONIUM SULFATE APPROACH AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BALANCE BENZENE BIOGAS BUS BUSES CALCULATION CANCER CAR CAR MANUFACTURERS CARBON CARBON EMISSIONS CARS CEMENT CEMENT INDUSTRY CHARCOAL PRODUCTION CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES CHEMICALS CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM CLEANER FUELS CLIMATE CO CO2 COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL BANKS COMPOST COMPOSTING CONTINUOUS MONITORING COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS COST EFFECTIVENESS COST OF TRAFFIC CROP RESIDUE DAILY TRIPS DIESEL DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUEL DISABILITIES DISPERSION MODELING DRIVERS DUST ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICIES ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION ABATEMENT EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REGULATIONS EMISSION REQUIREMENTS EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS FROM TRANSPORT ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY POLICY ENERGY SOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS EXHAUST EMISSIONS EXPENDITURES FARE INCREASES FERTILIZERS FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUELS FREE GASOLINE FUEL FUEL CELLS FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL OIL FUEL PRICES FUEL SUBSIDIES FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS GAS SECTOR GHG GLOBAL WARMING GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GASES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HAZARDOUS WASTE HEAVY FUEL OIL HEAVY INDUSTRY HIGH ENERGY HIGHWAY HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAYS HYBRID CARS HYDROCARBONS IMPROVEMENT IN FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL EFFICIENCY INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION INSPECTION INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS IRON LAND-USE PLANNING LANDFILLS LOCAL AIR QUALITY LORRIES MASS TRANSIT MASS TRANSIT SYSTEM MOBILITY MODE OF TRANSPORT MOTORWAYS NATIONAL AIR QUALITY STRATEGY NATURAL GAS NATURAL RESOURCES NEIGHBORHOODS NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES NO2 NOISE NOISE EXPOSURE NOISE POLLUTION NOX NUCLEAR ENERGY O3 OIL EQUIVALENT OILS OPEN BURNING OPEN DUMPS OZONE OZONE CONCENTRATION PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PASSENGERS PASSENGERS PER DAY PERSONAL VEHICLES PETROCHEMICALS PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PM10 POLLUTION ABATEMENT POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION LOAD POLLUTION REDUCTION POWER POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS POWER SECTORS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE VEHICLE PRIVATE VEHICLES PRODUCERS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PUBLIC VEHICLES RECYCLING RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES RICE STRAW RING ROAD RING ROADS ROAD ROAD FACILITIES ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ROAD NETWORK ROAD SPACE SANITARY LANDFILLS SMOKE SO2 SOLID WASTES SOX SPEEDS STORMS STREETS SULFUR SULFUR OXIDES SULPHUR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAXIS TEMPERATURE TOLL TOLL ROAD TRAFFIC TRAFFIC CONGESTION TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION TRANSPORT TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORT POLICY TRANSPORT STRATEGY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRAVEL SPEED TRUCKS UNDERGROUND URBAN MOTORWAY URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLE VEHICLE EMISSION VEHICLE EMISSIONS VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLES VEHICULAR TRAFFIC VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WASTE DISPOSAL WASTE MANAGEMENT WIND WIND ENERGY This sector note presents the results of the World Bank-led study on the development of a strategy of the government of the Arab Republic of Egypt to respond to air quality problems in Greater Cairo. The Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area (GCMA) is the largest urban and industrial center in Egypt, which, in 2009, was ranked eighth among the world's top urban agglomerations. Twenty million people live and work in Greater Cairo, which is surrounded by major heavy industries to the north and the south, including large, as well as small and medium enterprises. As in many megacities in the world, air pollution has been a chronic problem in Greater Cairo. The persistent air quality problem represents a serious hurdle to the competitiveness that is a key to the socioeconomic development of Greater Cairo and therefore the nation. An action plan has prepared for the implementation of the main sectorial policies. This action plan will have to be developed and changed where required because it can only be implemented within a coherent framework of environmental, energy, and economic policies that need to be defined and adopted by the government. Therefore, the action plan, as presented in this report, should be considered as a basis for ongoing discussions with the government. These discussions must, in any case, be continued to support the implementation of the work that has been initiated through this report. The action plan also identifies the entities that should be involved in or responsible for implementing and monitoring specific activities. 2013-10-03T21:07:24Z 2013-10-03T21:07:24Z 2013-04 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/04/17802985/egypt-better-or-worse-air-pollution-greater-cairo-sector-note-egypt-better-or-worse-air-pollution-greater-cairo-sector-note http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16086 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note Economic & Sector Work Middle East and North Africa Egypt, Arab Republic of |