Let Workers Move : Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services
Unlike the movement of capital, the movement of labor across countries remains highly restricted-despite the huge global returns to international labor mobility. According to one estimate, allowing the temporary migration of skilled and unskilled w...
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| Format: | Publication |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC: World Bank
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/17900283/using-bilateral-labor-agreements-increase-trade-services http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15800 |
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okr-10986-15800 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE INCOME BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER BASIC RIGHTS BEST PRACTICE BEST PRACTICES BRAIN DRAIN CITIZENS CITIZENSHIP CLIMATE CHANGE COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN DEMOCRACY DEMOGRAPHIC IMBALANCES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS DISCRETION DISCRIMINATION DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC MARKETS DOMESTIC WORKERS DRIVERS DROPOUT ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC NEEDS ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECONOMICS EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS ELECTRICIANS EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP FAMILY REUNIFICATION FINDING WORK FLOW OF PEOPLE FLOWS OF PEOPLE FOREIGN LABOR FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN WORKERS FREE TRADE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH EDUCATION HEALTH SECTOR HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS HOME COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRY HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION LAW IMMIGRATION POLICY IMMIGRATION RESTRICTIONS INITIATIVE INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION IRREGULAR MIGRATION LABOR FLOW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKET SITUATION LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR MOVEMENT LABOR MOVEMENTS LABOUR LAWS LEGAL FRAMEWORKS LEGAL STATUS LEGISLATION LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MEDICAL SERVICES MIGRANT MIGRANT LABOR MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION FOR EMPLOYMENT MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION PROCESS MOBILITY OF LABOR MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTINATIONAL NATIONAL BORDERS NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONALS NOURISHMENT NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS NUMBER OF MIGRANTS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS NUMERICAL QUOTAS NURSE NURSES OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS PERMANENT RESIDENCE POLICES POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL INTERESTS POLITICAL SUPPORT POPULATION DECLINE PREFERENTIAL PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT PRESENT EVIDENCE PRIVATE COMPANIES PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PRIVATE SECTOR PROCUREMENT PROCUREMENT POLICIES PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS QUALITY ASSURANCE REGIONAL AGREEMENTS REGIONAL COOPERATION REGIONAL INITIATIVES REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS REMITTANCE REMITTANCES REPATRIATION RESPECT RETURN MIGRATION RETURN OF MIGRANTS RETURNEES RURAL AREAS SANCTIONS SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SEGMENTS OF SOCIETY SEMISKILLED WORKERS SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE SECTOR SKILLED LABOR SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SKILLED WORKERS SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL COUNTRIES SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL COUNCIL SOCIAL SECURITY SUBSIDIARIES SUPPLIERS TECHNICAL EDUCATION TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY JOBS TEMPORARY MIGRANTS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TEMPORARY WORKER TEMPORARY WORKERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRAINING PERIOD TRAINING REQUIREMENTS TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION TREATIES UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION UNDOCUMENTED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKER UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE FLOORS WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE RATE WAGES WORKERS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING HOURS WORLD POPULATION |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE INCOME BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER BASIC RIGHTS BEST PRACTICE BEST PRACTICES BRAIN DRAIN CITIZENS CITIZENSHIP CLIMATE CHANGE COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN DEMOCRACY DEMOGRAPHIC IMBALANCES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS DISCRETION DISCRIMINATION DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC MARKETS DOMESTIC WORKERS DRIVERS DROPOUT ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC NEEDS ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECONOMICS EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS ELECTRICIANS EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP FAMILY REUNIFICATION FINDING WORK FLOW OF PEOPLE FLOWS OF PEOPLE FOREIGN LABOR FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN WORKERS FREE TRADE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH EDUCATION HEALTH SECTOR HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS HOME COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRY HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION LAW IMMIGRATION POLICY IMMIGRATION RESTRICTIONS INITIATIVE INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION IRREGULAR MIGRATION LABOR FLOW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKET SITUATION LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR MOVEMENT LABOR MOVEMENTS LABOUR LAWS LEGAL FRAMEWORKS LEGAL STATUS LEGISLATION LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MEDICAL SERVICES MIGRANT MIGRANT LABOR MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION FOR EMPLOYMENT MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION PROCESS MOBILITY OF LABOR MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTINATIONAL NATIONAL BORDERS NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONALS NOURISHMENT NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS NUMBER OF MIGRANTS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS NUMERICAL QUOTAS NURSE NURSES OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS PERMANENT RESIDENCE POLICES POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL INTERESTS POLITICAL SUPPORT POPULATION DECLINE PREFERENTIAL PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT PRESENT EVIDENCE PRIVATE COMPANIES PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PRIVATE SECTOR PROCUREMENT PROCUREMENT POLICIES PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS QUALITY ASSURANCE REGIONAL AGREEMENTS REGIONAL COOPERATION REGIONAL INITIATIVES REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS REMITTANCE REMITTANCES REPATRIATION RESPECT RETURN MIGRATION RETURN OF MIGRANTS RETURNEES RURAL AREAS SANCTIONS SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SEGMENTS OF SOCIETY SEMISKILLED WORKERS SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE SECTOR SKILLED LABOR SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SKILLED WORKERS SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL COUNTRIES SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL COUNCIL SOCIAL SECURITY SUBSIDIARIES SUPPLIERS TECHNICAL EDUCATION TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY JOBS TEMPORARY MIGRANTS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TEMPORARY WORKER TEMPORARY WORKERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRAINING PERIOD TRAINING REQUIREMENTS TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION TREATIES UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION UNDOCUMENTED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKER UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE FLOORS WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE RATE WAGES WORKERS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING HOURS WORLD POPULATION Sáez, Sebastián Let Workers Move : Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services |
| relation |
Directions in Development--Trade; |
| description |
Unlike the movement of capital, the
movement of labor across countries remains highly
restricted-despite the huge global returns to international
labor mobility. According to one estimate, allowing the
temporary migration of skilled and unskilled workers
equivalent to 3 percent of the workforces of the
world's developed countries would increase global
welfare by more than US$156 billion a year. The objective of
this book is to identify and discuss possible options for
increasing services trade through the temporary movement of
people, as a complement, not a substitute, to what can be
achieved at the World Trade Organization (WTO), regional,
and bilateral levels through trade agreement. Bilateral
labor agreements (BLAs) could play a complementary role
provided they are designed with the aim of promoting
services trade through the temporary movement of people and
fulfill specific requirements, including requirements that
ensure temporariness. In general, such agreements have not
been designed to promote trade in services; they have
traditionally been tailored to facilitate or manage labor
migration flows. The book is divided into two parts.
Chapters one to three assess what has been achieved so far
in trade agreements in terms of the temporary movement of
services providers. They also discuss the pros and cons of
using BLAs as possible channels for the expansion of trade
in services. Chapter's four to eight use case studies
to examine the viability and performance of BLAs as a
complement to other efforts to liberalize the temporary
movement of people. They are based on the experiences of
sending and receiving countries in Europe, North America,
the Caribbean, and the Pacific. BLAs can be an attractive
option for middle-income countries whose migratory flows are
relatively small and do not generate fears in receiving
countries. Source country governments should make credible
commitments to ensure the temporary nature of these flows.
In conjunction with the private sector, they should
establish mechanisms for selecting the sectors to promote in
target markets. |
| author2 |
Sáez, Sebastián |
| author_facet |
Sáez, Sebastián Sáez, Sebastián |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Publication |
| author |
Sáez, Sebastián |
| author_sort |
Sáez, Sebastián |
| title |
Let Workers Move : Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services |
| title_short |
Let Workers Move : Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services |
| title_full |
Let Workers Move : Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services |
| title_fullStr |
Let Workers Move : Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Let Workers Move : Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services |
| title_sort |
let workers move : using bilateral labor agreements to increase trade in services |
| publisher |
Washington, DC: World Bank |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/17900283/using-bilateral-labor-agreements-increase-trade-services http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15800 |
| _version_ |
1764431214578499584 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-158002021-04-23T14:03:22Z Let Workers Move : Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services Sáez, Sebastián Sáez, Sebastián ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE INCOME BARGAINING BARGAINING POWER BASIC RIGHTS BEST PRACTICE BEST PRACTICES BRAIN DRAIN CITIZENS CITIZENSHIP CLIMATE CHANGE COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN DEMOCRACY DEMOGRAPHIC IMBALANCES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS DISCRETION DISCRIMINATION DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC MARKETS DOMESTIC WORKERS DRIVERS DROPOUT ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC NEEDS ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECONOMICS EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS ELECTRICIANS EMPLOYMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP FAMILY REUNIFICATION FINDING WORK FLOW OF PEOPLE FLOWS OF PEOPLE FOREIGN LABOR FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN WORKERS FREE TRADE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH EDUCATION HEALTH SECTOR HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS HOME COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRY HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION LAW IMMIGRATION POLICY IMMIGRATION RESTRICTIONS INITIATIVE INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MIGRANT INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION IRREGULAR MIGRATION LABOR FLOW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKET SITUATION LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR MOVEMENT LABOR MOVEMENTS LABOUR LAWS LEGAL FRAMEWORKS LEGAL STATUS LEGISLATION LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MEDICAL SERVICES MIGRANT MIGRANT LABOR MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION FOR EMPLOYMENT MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION PROCESS MOBILITY OF LABOR MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTINATIONAL NATIONAL BORDERS NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NATIONALS NOURISHMENT NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS NUMBER OF MIGRANTS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS NUMERICAL QUOTAS NURSE NURSES OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS PERMANENT RESIDENCE POLICES POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL INTERESTS POLITICAL SUPPORT POPULATION DECLINE PREFERENTIAL PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT PRESENT EVIDENCE PRIVATE COMPANIES PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PRIVATE SECTOR PROCUREMENT PROCUREMENT POLICIES PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS QUALITY ASSURANCE REGIONAL AGREEMENTS REGIONAL COOPERATION REGIONAL INITIATIVES REGULATORY BARRIERS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS REMITTANCE REMITTANCES REPATRIATION RESPECT RETURN MIGRATION RETURN OF MIGRANTS RETURNEES RURAL AREAS SANCTIONS SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SEGMENTS OF SOCIETY SEMISKILLED WORKERS SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE SECTOR SKILLED LABOR SKILLED PROFESSIONALS SKILLED WORKERS SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL COUNTRIES SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL COUNCIL SOCIAL SECURITY SUBSIDIARIES SUPPLIERS TECHNICAL EDUCATION TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TEMPORARY JOBS TEMPORARY MIGRANTS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TEMPORARY WORKER TEMPORARY WORKERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRAINING PERIOD TRAINING REQUIREMENTS TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION TREATIES UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION UNDOCUMENTED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKER UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE FLOORS WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE RATE WAGES WORKERS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING HOURS WORLD POPULATION Unlike the movement of capital, the movement of labor across countries remains highly restricted-despite the huge global returns to international labor mobility. According to one estimate, allowing the temporary migration of skilled and unskilled workers equivalent to 3 percent of the workforces of the world's developed countries would increase global welfare by more than US$156 billion a year. The objective of this book is to identify and discuss possible options for increasing services trade through the temporary movement of people, as a complement, not a substitute, to what can be achieved at the World Trade Organization (WTO), regional, and bilateral levels through trade agreement. Bilateral labor agreements (BLAs) could play a complementary role provided they are designed with the aim of promoting services trade through the temporary movement of people and fulfill specific requirements, including requirements that ensure temporariness. In general, such agreements have not been designed to promote trade in services; they have traditionally been tailored to facilitate or manage labor migration flows. The book is divided into two parts. Chapters one to three assess what has been achieved so far in trade agreements in terms of the temporary movement of services providers. They also discuss the pros and cons of using BLAs as possible channels for the expansion of trade in services. Chapter's four to eight use case studies to examine the viability and performance of BLAs as a complement to other efforts to liberalize the temporary movement of people. They are based on the experiences of sending and receiving countries in Europe, North America, the Caribbean, and the Pacific. BLAs can be an attractive option for middle-income countries whose migratory flows are relatively small and do not generate fears in receiving countries. Source country governments should make credible commitments to ensure the temporary nature of these flows. In conjunction with the private sector, they should establish mechanisms for selecting the sectors to promote in target markets. 2013-09-24T21:57:08Z 2013-09-24T21:57:08Z 2013-06-13 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/17900283/using-bilateral-labor-agreements-increase-trade-services 978-0-8213-9915-6 10.1596/978-0-8213-9915-6 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15800 English en_US Directions in Development--Trade; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication |