Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development

Despite recurring rounds of trade liberalization, under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or GATT). Complemented by unilateral reforms, many developing countries have not...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Hoekman, Bernard
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	TRADE LIBERALIZATION WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION ROUNDTABLE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE & FINANCE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS & TRADE REFORM POLICY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ECONOMIC INTEGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE MARKET ACCESS TRADE STRUCTURE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK TRADE FACILITATION ACCESS TO INFORMATION ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AGREEMENT ON TRADE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTERS AGRICULTURE ANTIDUMPING APPAREL BILATERAL INVESTMENT BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATIES BINDING DISPUTE SETTLEMENT BORDER POLICIES CAPACITY BUILDING CARTELS CHILD LABOR CIVIL SOCIETY COMPETITION LAW COMPETITION LEGISLATION COMPETITION POLICIES COMPETITION POLICY COMPETITIVENESS CONCESSIONS CONSUMER PROTECTION CONSUMERS CONTINGENT PROTECTION COUNTRY EXPORTERS CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE CUSTOMS VALUATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DOMESTIC POLICY FORMATION PROCESS DOMESTIC REFORMS DOMESTIC REGULATION DOMESTIC REGULATORY POLICIES DONOR ASSISTANCE DUTY-FREE ACCESS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMISTS EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES EXPANDING TRADE EXPLOITATION EXPORT CARTELS EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT REVENUE EXPORTS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL SUPPORT FISH FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN TRADE FREE ACCESS GLOBAL NORMS GLOBAL TRADE GLOBAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS GLOBAL TRADING HARMONIZATION HIGH TARIFFS IMPORTS IMPROVING MARKET ACCESS INCOME INCOME DEVELOPING COUNTRIES INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INTEREST GROUPS INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS INTERNATIONAL NORMS INTERNATIONAL SPILLOVERS INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT INCENTIVES INVESTMENT TREATIES ITC LDCS LEGAL REGIMES LEGISLATION LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES LOW-INCOME ECONOMIES MARKET POWER MULTILATERAL AGREEMENTS MULTILATERAL COOPERATION MULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL RULES MULTILATERAL TALKS NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL PRODUCT NEGOTIATING AGENDA NEGOTIATING POSITIONS NONTARIFF BARRIERS OIL OPENNESS PARTNER COUNTRIES PATENTS POLICY CHANGES POLICY OPTIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR CHILDREN POOR COUNTRIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCT STANDARDS PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTIONIST PRESSURES QUOTAS RECIPROCAL REDUCTION RECIPROCITY REDUCING TRADE BARRIERS REDUCING TRANSACTIONS COSTS REDUCTION OF BARRIERS REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL INTEGRATION AGREEMENTS REGIONAL INTEGRATION ARRANGEMENTS REGULATORY AREAS REGULATORY ISSUES REGULATORY POLICY REGULATORY REFORM REGULATORY REGIMES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS RISK AVERSE SAFETY NETS SAFETY STANDARDS SERVICE SECTOR SOCIAL RIGHTS TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF LIBERALIZATION TARIFF NEGOTIATIONS TARIFF RATES TARIFF REVENUE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TIME FRAME TRADE BARRIERS TRADE CAPACITY TRADE LOGISTICS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REVIEW TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE RULES TRADEOFFS TRADING PARTNERS TRADING SYSTEM TRANSACTIONS COSTS TRANSITION PERIODS TRANSPORT COSTS TRIPS AGREEMENT UNILATERAL ACTION UNILATERAL REFORMS URUGUAY ROUND VALUATION VALUE OF TRADE WELFARE GAINS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD TRADE WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/01/1684361/strengthening-global-trade-architecture-development http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15749

Description
Summary:	Despite recurring rounds of trade liberalization, under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, or GATT). Complemented by unilateral reforms, many developing countries have not been able to integrate into the world economy. The author argues that from the perspective of the poorest countries, a multi-pronged strategy is required to strengthen the global trading system. Moreover, much of the agenda must be addressed outside the WTO. The most important contribution the WTO can make to development, is to improve market access conditions - for goods and services - and ensure that trade rules are useful to developing countries. Enhancing trade capacity requires concerted action outside the WTO ("aid for trade") as well as unilateral actions by both industrial, and developing countries to reduce anti-trade biases.

Strengthening the Global Trade Architecture for Development

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