Education and Civil Conflict in Nepal

Between 1996 and 2006, Nepal experienced violent civil conflict as a consequence of a Maoist insurgency, which many argue also brought about an increase in female empowerment. This paper exploits variations in exposure to conflict by birth cohort,...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Valente, Christine
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	ABILITY OF CHILDREN ACADEMIC STUDIES ACCESS TO SCHOOLING ADULT POPULATION ALCOHOLISM ARMED CONFLICT BULLETIN CAPACITY BUILDING CHILD HEALTH CHILD LABOR CHILD MORTALITY CHILD SOLDIERS CIVIL CONFLICT CIVIL WAR COGNITIVE SKILLS COMBATANTS COMPLETION RATES CONFLICT RESEARCH CONFLICT RESOLUTION CONFLICTS DEATHS DEMOCRACY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DIVORCE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION DATA EDUCATION OF CHILDREN EDUCATION OUTCOMES EDUCATION PROGRAMS EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ELECTIONS ENROLLMENT ETHNIC GROUPS FACT SHEET FAMILY HEALTH FAMILY HEALTH DIVISION FEMALE EDUCATION FEMALE EMPOWERMENT FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE SCHOOLING FEWER YEARS OF EDUCATION FIGHTING GENDER EQUALITY GENDER INEQUALITY GENOCIDE GIRLS HEALTH WORKERS HIGHER EDUCATION HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE HUSBANDS IDEAS IMPACT OF CONFLICT IMPACT ON CHILDREN INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT LABOR MARKET LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCAL GOVERNMENTS MAJORITY OF CHILDREN MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MINISTRY OF HEALTH MOTHER NATIONS NUMBER OF WOMEN OLD-AGE OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PARENTS PEACE PEACE RESEARCH PENSIONS PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL PARTICIPATION POLITICAL PARTIES POLITICAL VIOLENCE POLYGAMY POPULATION CENSUS PRIMARY COMPLETION PRIMARY COMPLETION RATE PRIMARY COMPLETION RATES PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY EDUCATION COMPLETION PRIMARY EDUCATION SYSTEMS PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOLING PROGRESS PUBLIC SERVICE QUALITY OF EDUCATION RECONSTRUCTION REFUGEE REMITTANCES REPRODUCTIVE AGE RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESPECT RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL EDUCATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL TEACHERS SCHOOLING SCHOOLING OF GIRLS SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOLING SECURITY FORCES SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVISION SOCIAL CHANGE SOCIETY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS TEACHER TEACHER ABSENTEEISM TEACHERS TRADITIONAL APPROACH UNESCO VIOLENT CONFLICT WAR WARFARE YOUNG AGE YOUNG GIRLS YOUTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/05/17778639/ http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15556

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Summary:	Between 1996 and 2006, Nepal experienced violent civil conflict as a consequence of a Maoist insurgency, which many argue also brought about an increase in female empowerment. This paper exploits variations in exposure to conflict by birth cohort, survey date, and district to estimate the impact of the insurgency on education outcomes. Overall conflict intensity, measured by conflict casualties, is associated with an increase in female educational attainment, whereas abductions by Maoists, which often targeted school children, have the reverse effect. Male schooling tended to increase more rapidly in areas where the fighting was more intense, but the estimates are smaller in magnitude and more sensitive to specification than estimates for females. Similar results are obtained across different specifications, and robustness checks indicate that these findings are not due to selective migration.

Education and Civil Conflict in Nepal

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