Revitalizing Eritrea's Development Strategy
It is no exaggeration to say that Eritrea is at a cross-roads today. The war with Ethiopia meant that the development plans and programs gradually put into place since independence were disrupted. The signing of the peace agreement in December 2000...
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| Format: | Pre-2003 Economic or Sector Report |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/06/10262206/revitalizing-eritreas-development-strategy http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15533 |
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okr-10986-15533 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE ALLOCATION ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES AUCTIONS BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANK ACCOUNTS BANK FINANCING BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKS BLACK MARKET BUDGET CLASSIFICATION BUDGET CONSTRAINTS BUDGET DEFICIT BUDGET PROCESS BUDGET SUBMISSIONS BUSINESS CLIMATE CALL CENTERS CAPITAL EXPENDITURE CAPITAL GOODS CASH BUDGET CASH BUDGET SYSTEM CASH RESERVES CENTRAL BANK CHAMBER OF COMMERCE CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SERVICE PAY CIVIL SERVICE SALARIES COMMERCIAL BANK COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMPOSITION OF EXPENDITURES CONTINGENT LIABILITIES CONTRIBUTION CONTRIBUTIONS CORPORATE INCOME TAXES COST OF SERVICES CREDIT RISK CURRENCY CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEBT MANAGEMENT DEBT SERVICE DEBTS DEFICITS DEVELOPMENT BANK DIRECT COSTS DISBURSEMENTS DISPUTE RESOLUTION DIVERSIFICATION DOMESTIC DEBT DOMESTIC MARKET DONOR AGENCIES DROUGHT EARNINGS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY EDUCATION SERVICES ENABLING ENVIRONMENT EQUIPMENT EXCESS CASH EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURE DATA EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT EXPENDITURE PROCESS EXPENDITURES EXPORTER EXTENSION SERVICE EXTERNAL BALANCE EXTERNAL DEBT FAMILY MEMBERS FINANCE MINISTRY FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL OPERATIONS FISCAL POLICIES FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTORS FORMAL ECONOMY GLOBAL ECONOMY GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GOVERNMENT FINANCE GOVERNMENT POLICIES GOVERNMENT POLICY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH MINISTRY HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HOLDING HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN RESOURCE IMMUNIZATION IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES INCOMES INDEBTED COUNTRY INDEBTEDNESS INFLATION INFLATION RATE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSURANCE INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATE POLICY INTEREST RATES INTEREST RATES ON TREASURY BILLS INVESTING INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT FUNDS INVESTOR CONFIDENCE ISSUANCE LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LACK OF INTEREST LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGAL RECOURSE LIFE EXPECTANCY LOAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT LOW COST LOW-INCOME MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION MARKET PRICES MARKET SHARE MEDIUM ENTERPRISE MILITARY EXPENDITURES MINIMUM WAGE MINISTRY OF FINANCE MOBILE PHONES MONETARY FUND MONETARY POLICY MONIES NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL SAVING NATIONAL STATISTICS NET PRESENT VALUE NET WORTH NEW JOBS OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS PORTFOLIO POTENTIAL INVESTORS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRESENT VALUE PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIVATE BANK PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAMS PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC ENTITIES PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC FINANCES PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC WORKS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RAPID DEVELOPMENT RECURRENT EXPENDITURES REFERENDUM REMITTANCES RESERVE RESERVE REQUIREMENT RESERVES RETURN REVENUE PROJECTIONS RISK CAPITAL RISKY LOANS SALARY SALE SAVINGS SAVINGS DEPOSITS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR POLICIES SECTOR POLICY SENIOR SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION STRATEGIC CHOICES SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS TAX TAX COLLECTION TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOTAL EXPENDITURE TRADING TRANSACTION TRANSPARENCY TREASURY TREASURY BILLS TRUST FUND UNCERTAINTY WAGE WAGES WORLD MARKETS WORTH |
| spellingShingle |
ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE ALLOCATION ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES AUCTIONS BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANK ACCOUNTS BANK FINANCING BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKS BLACK MARKET BUDGET CLASSIFICATION BUDGET CONSTRAINTS BUDGET DEFICIT BUDGET PROCESS BUDGET SUBMISSIONS BUSINESS CLIMATE CALL CENTERS CAPITAL EXPENDITURE CAPITAL GOODS CASH BUDGET CASH BUDGET SYSTEM CASH RESERVES CENTRAL BANK CHAMBER OF COMMERCE CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SERVICE PAY CIVIL SERVICE SALARIES COMMERCIAL BANK COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMPOSITION OF EXPENDITURES CONTINGENT LIABILITIES CONTRIBUTION CONTRIBUTIONS CORPORATE INCOME TAXES COST OF SERVICES CREDIT RISK CURRENCY CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEBT MANAGEMENT DEBT SERVICE DEBTS DEFICITS DEVELOPMENT BANK DIRECT COSTS DISBURSEMENTS DISPUTE RESOLUTION DIVERSIFICATION DOMESTIC DEBT DOMESTIC MARKET DONOR AGENCIES DROUGHT EARNINGS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY EDUCATION SERVICES ENABLING ENVIRONMENT EQUIPMENT EXCESS CASH EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURE DATA EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT EXPENDITURE PROCESS EXPENDITURES EXPORTER EXTENSION SERVICE EXTERNAL BALANCE EXTERNAL DEBT FAMILY MEMBERS FINANCE MINISTRY FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL OPERATIONS FISCAL POLICIES FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTORS FORMAL ECONOMY GLOBAL ECONOMY GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GOVERNMENT FINANCE GOVERNMENT POLICIES GOVERNMENT POLICY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH MINISTRY HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HOLDING HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN RESOURCE IMMUNIZATION IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES INCOMES INDEBTED COUNTRY INDEBTEDNESS INFLATION INFLATION RATE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSURANCE INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATE POLICY INTEREST RATES INTEREST RATES ON TREASURY BILLS INVESTING INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT FUNDS INVESTOR CONFIDENCE ISSUANCE LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LACK OF INTEREST LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGAL RECOURSE LIFE EXPECTANCY LOAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT LOW COST LOW-INCOME MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION MARKET PRICES MARKET SHARE MEDIUM ENTERPRISE MILITARY EXPENDITURES MINIMUM WAGE MINISTRY OF FINANCE MOBILE PHONES MONETARY FUND MONETARY POLICY MONIES NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL SAVING NATIONAL STATISTICS NET PRESENT VALUE NET WORTH NEW JOBS OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS PORTFOLIO POTENTIAL INVESTORS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRESENT VALUE PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIVATE BANK PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAMS PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC ENTITIES PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC FINANCES PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC WORKS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RAPID DEVELOPMENT RECURRENT EXPENDITURES REFERENDUM REMITTANCES RESERVE RESERVE REQUIREMENT RESERVES RETURN REVENUE PROJECTIONS RISK CAPITAL RISKY LOANS SALARY SALE SAVINGS SAVINGS DEPOSITS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR POLICIES SECTOR POLICY SENIOR SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION STRATEGIC CHOICES SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS TAX TAX COLLECTION TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOTAL EXPENDITURE TRADING TRANSACTION TRANSPARENCY TREASURY TREASURY BILLS TRUST FUND UNCERTAINTY WAGE WAGES WORLD MARKETS WORTH World Bank Revitalizing Eritrea's Development Strategy |
| geographic_facet |
Africa Eritrea |
| description |
It is no exaggeration to say that
Eritrea is at a cross-roads today. The war with Ethiopia
meant that the development plans and programs gradually put
into place since independence were disrupted. The signing of
the peace agreement in December 2000, and the ruling of the
boundary commission on April 13, 2002, are all-important,
but it is clear that the conditions facing Eritrea are
significantly more difficult than prior to the war. Not only
are the direct costs of the war very high, but the break in
economic relations with Ethiopia and the loss of investor
confidence will continue to exact a price for some years to
come. It is in this context that the Government has decided
to review its development strategy and has asked for World
Bank input into this process. In response, the Bank has
prepared this Country Economic Memorandum (CEM). It follows
the first CEM on Eritrea (World Bank 1994) that provided a
Bank and donor input as independent Eritrea refined its
development strategy. The CEM is divided into three
chapters. The first is a review of Eritrea's
development experience since independence, organized along
the lines of the recommendations of the previous CEM. These
recommendations covered nine major areas ranging from
achieving macroeconomic stability to improving the
environment. The second chapter is a review of government
expenditure in Eritrea. A notable feature of this first Bank
effort to review the public expenditures of Eritrea is an
attempt to assess the composition of expenditures in Eritrea
by reassigning them from original budget heading to a
programmatic classification. The third chapter outlines a
learning strategy for Eritrea. This is not meant to replace
Eritrea's existing strategy. The learning strategy is
meant to supplement the existing strategy based on the
experience of actual implementation over the last ten years,
but also on Eritrea's post-war reality. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Pre-2003 Economic or Sector Report |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Revitalizing Eritrea's Development Strategy |
| title_short |
Revitalizing Eritrea's Development Strategy |
| title_full |
Revitalizing Eritrea's Development Strategy |
| title_fullStr |
Revitalizing Eritrea's Development Strategy |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Revitalizing Eritrea's Development Strategy |
| title_sort |
revitalizing eritrea's development strategy |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/06/10262206/revitalizing-eritreas-development-strategy http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15533 |
| _version_ |
1764426468179312640 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-155332021-04-23T14:03:13Z Revitalizing Eritrea's Development Strategy World Bank ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE ALLOCATION ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES AUCTIONS BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANK ACCOUNTS BANK FINANCING BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKS BLACK MARKET BUDGET CLASSIFICATION BUDGET CONSTRAINTS BUDGET DEFICIT BUDGET PROCESS BUDGET SUBMISSIONS BUSINESS CLIMATE CALL CENTERS CAPITAL EXPENDITURE CAPITAL GOODS CASH BUDGET CASH BUDGET SYSTEM CASH RESERVES CENTRAL BANK CHAMBER OF COMMERCE CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SERVICE PAY CIVIL SERVICE SALARIES COMMERCIAL BANK COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMPOSITION OF EXPENDITURES CONTINGENT LIABILITIES CONTRIBUTION CONTRIBUTIONS CORPORATE INCOME TAXES COST OF SERVICES CREDIT RISK CURRENCY CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEBT MANAGEMENT DEBT SERVICE DEBTS DEFICITS DEVELOPMENT BANK DIRECT COSTS DISBURSEMENTS DISPUTE RESOLUTION DIVERSIFICATION DOMESTIC DEBT DOMESTIC MARKET DONOR AGENCIES DROUGHT EARNINGS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY EDUCATION SERVICES ENABLING ENVIRONMENT EQUIPMENT EXCESS CASH EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURE DATA EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT EXPENDITURE PROCESS EXPENDITURES EXPORTER EXTENSION SERVICE EXTERNAL BALANCE EXTERNAL DEBT FAMILY MEMBERS FINANCE MINISTRY FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL OPERATIONS FISCAL POLICIES FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTORS FORMAL ECONOMY GLOBAL ECONOMY GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GOVERNMENT FINANCE GOVERNMENT POLICIES GOVERNMENT POLICY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH MINISTRY HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HOLDING HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN RESOURCE IMMUNIZATION IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES INCOMES INDEBTED COUNTRY INDEBTEDNESS INFLATION INFLATION RATE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSURANCE INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATE POLICY INTEREST RATES INTEREST RATES ON TREASURY BILLS INVESTING INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT FUNDS INVESTOR CONFIDENCE ISSUANCE LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LACK OF INTEREST LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGAL RECOURSE LIFE EXPECTANCY LOAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT LOW COST LOW-INCOME MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION MARKET PRICES MARKET SHARE MEDIUM ENTERPRISE MILITARY EXPENDITURES MINIMUM WAGE MINISTRY OF FINANCE MOBILE PHONES MONETARY FUND MONETARY POLICY MONIES NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL SAVING NATIONAL STATISTICS NET PRESENT VALUE NET WORTH NEW JOBS OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS PORTFOLIO POTENTIAL INVESTORS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRESENT VALUE PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIVATE BANK PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAMS PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC ENTITIES PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC FINANCES PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC WORKS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RAPID DEVELOPMENT RECURRENT EXPENDITURES REFERENDUM REMITTANCES RESERVE RESERVE REQUIREMENT RESERVES RETURN REVENUE PROJECTIONS RISK CAPITAL RISKY LOANS SALARY SALE SAVINGS SAVINGS DEPOSITS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECTOR POLICIES SECTOR POLICY SENIOR SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION STRATEGIC CHOICES SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS TAX TAX COLLECTION TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOTAL EXPENDITURE TRADING TRANSACTION TRANSPARENCY TREASURY TREASURY BILLS TRUST FUND UNCERTAINTY WAGE WAGES WORLD MARKETS WORTH It is no exaggeration to say that Eritrea is at a cross-roads today. The war with Ethiopia meant that the development plans and programs gradually put into place since independence were disrupted. The signing of the peace agreement in December 2000, and the ruling of the boundary commission on April 13, 2002, are all-important, but it is clear that the conditions facing Eritrea are significantly more difficult than prior to the war. Not only are the direct costs of the war very high, but the break in economic relations with Ethiopia and the loss of investor confidence will continue to exact a price for some years to come. It is in this context that the Government has decided to review its development strategy and has asked for World Bank input into this process. In response, the Bank has prepared this Country Economic Memorandum (CEM). It follows the first CEM on Eritrea (World Bank 1994) that provided a Bank and donor input as independent Eritrea refined its development strategy. The CEM is divided into three chapters. The first is a review of Eritrea's development experience since independence, organized along the lines of the recommendations of the previous CEM. These recommendations covered nine major areas ranging from achieving macroeconomic stability to improving the environment. The second chapter is a review of government expenditure in Eritrea. A notable feature of this first Bank effort to review the public expenditures of Eritrea is an attempt to assess the composition of expenditures in Eritrea by reassigning them from original budget heading to a programmatic classification. The third chapter outlines a learning strategy for Eritrea. This is not meant to replace Eritrea's existing strategy. The learning strategy is meant to supplement the existing strategy based on the experience of actual implementation over the last ten years, but also on Eritrea's post-war reality. 2013-09-03T20:05:22Z 2013-09-03T20:05:22Z 2002-06-26 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/06/10262206/revitalizing-eritreas-development-strategy http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15533 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Pre-2003 Economic or Sector Report Economic & Sector Work Africa Eritrea |