Social Inclusion and Financial Protection through Community Financing : Initial Results from Five Household Surveys
This paper provides empirical evidence regarding the performance of community-based health care financing in terms of (a) social inclusion and (b) financial protection. Five non-standardized household surveys were analyzed from India (two samples),...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/09/3542781/social-inclusion-financial-protection-through-community-financing-initial-results-five-household-surveys http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13715 |
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okr-10986-13715 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ABSOLUTE POVERTY ADDICTION ADULT MORTALITY ADULT MORTALITY RATE ADVERSE SELECTION BASIC HEALTH CARE CHILD HEALTH SERVICES CLINICS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY HEALTH COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION DATA COLLECTION DATA SET DATA SETS DATA SOURCES DEBT RELIEF DECISION MAKING DEVELOPMENT NETWORK DIABETES DISTRICTS DOCTORS DONOR COMMUNITY ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYMENT EXPENDITURES FAMILIES FINANCIAL SUPPORT FINANCING MECHANISMS HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE FINANCING HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CENTER HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE PLANS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH POSTS HEALTH REFORM HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SURVEY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEMS HOSPITAL SERVICES HOSPITALIZATION HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HYGIENE HYPERTENSION ILLITERACY IMPROVED ACCESS INCOME INCOME POPULATIONS INFORMAL SECTOR INHABITANTS INJURIES INPATIENT CARE INSURANCE INSURANCE COMPANIES ISOLATION LABOR FORCE LAWS LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFE INSURANCE LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALARIA MANAGEMENT CAPACITY MEDICAL CARE MEDICAL CARE FOR THE POOR MEDICAL INSURANCE MORTALITY NATIONAL AVERAGE NATIONAL POPULATION NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUTRITION OUTPATIENT CARE PATIENTS PEDIATRICS POLICY MEASURES POLICY OPTIONS POOR COMMUNITIES POOR COUNTRIES POOR HOUSEHOLDS POPULATION GROUPS POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIVATE INSURANCE PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CARE PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION RISK SHARING RURAL AREAS SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLING FRAME SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY TECHNICAL SUPPORT URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES WORKERS HEALTH CARE HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH FINANCE HEALTH FINANCING COMMUNITY FINANCING POVERTY & HEALTH SOCIOECONOMIC STATISTICS HEALTH CARE REFORM |
| spellingShingle |
ABSOLUTE POVERTY ADDICTION ADULT MORTALITY ADULT MORTALITY RATE ADVERSE SELECTION BASIC HEALTH CARE CHILD HEALTH SERVICES CLINICS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY HEALTH COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION DATA COLLECTION DATA SET DATA SETS DATA SOURCES DEBT RELIEF DECISION MAKING DEVELOPMENT NETWORK DIABETES DISTRICTS DOCTORS DONOR COMMUNITY ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYMENT EXPENDITURES FAMILIES FINANCIAL SUPPORT FINANCING MECHANISMS HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE FINANCING HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CENTER HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE PLANS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH POSTS HEALTH REFORM HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SURVEY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEMS HOSPITAL SERVICES HOSPITALIZATION HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HYGIENE HYPERTENSION ILLITERACY IMPROVED ACCESS INCOME INCOME POPULATIONS INFORMAL SECTOR INHABITANTS INJURIES INPATIENT CARE INSURANCE INSURANCE COMPANIES ISOLATION LABOR FORCE LAWS LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFE INSURANCE LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALARIA MANAGEMENT CAPACITY MEDICAL CARE MEDICAL CARE FOR THE POOR MEDICAL INSURANCE MORTALITY NATIONAL AVERAGE NATIONAL POPULATION NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUTRITION OUTPATIENT CARE PATIENTS PEDIATRICS POLICY MEASURES POLICY OPTIONS POOR COMMUNITIES POOR COUNTRIES POOR HOUSEHOLDS POPULATION GROUPS POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIVATE INSURANCE PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CARE PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION RISK SHARING RURAL AREAS SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLING FRAME SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY TECHNICAL SUPPORT URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES WORKERS HEALTH CARE HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH FINANCE HEALTH FINANCING COMMUNITY FINANCING POVERTY & HEALTH SOCIOECONOMIC STATISTICS HEALTH CARE REFORM Jakab, Melitta Preker, Alexander S. Krishnan, Chitra Schneider, Pia Diop, François Jütting, Johannes Gumber, Anil Ranson, Kent Supakankunt, Siripeni Social Inclusion and Financial Protection through Community Financing : Initial Results from Five Household Surveys |
| geographic_facet |
Africa East Asia and Pacific South Asia |
| relation |
HNP discussion paper series; |
| description |
This paper provides empirical evidence
regarding the performance of community-based health care
financing in terms of (a) social inclusion and (b) financial
protection. Five non-standardized household surveys were
analyzed from India (two samples), Senegal, Rwanda, and
Thailand. Common methodology was applied to the five data
sets. Logistic regression was used to estimate the
determinants of enrolling in a community financing scheme. A
two-part model was used to assess the determinants of
financial protection: part one used logistic regression to
estimate the determinants of the likelihood of visiting a
health care provider; part two used ordinary least-squares
regression to estimate the determinants of out-of-pocket
payments. The research finds: (a) Social inclusion. The
findings suggest that community financing can be inclusive
of the poorest even in the most economically deprived
context. Nevertheless, this targeting outcome is not
automatically attributable to the involvement of the
community; rather it depends on key design and
implementation characteristics of the schemes. (b) Financial
protection. Community financing reduces financial barriers
to health care as demonstrated by higher utilization and
simultaneously lower out-of-pocket expenditure of scheme
members controlling for a range of socioeconomic variables.
The paper concludes: (a) Social inclusion. Design and
implementation characteristics of community financing
schemes matter to achieve good targeting outcome-community
involvement alone does not guarantee social inclusion.
Further research is needed to delineate which design and
implementation characteristics allow better inclusion of the
poor. (b) Financial protection. Prepayment and risk sharing,
even on a small scale, reduce financial access barriers. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
Jakab, Melitta Preker, Alexander S. Krishnan, Chitra Schneider, Pia Diop, François Jütting, Johannes Gumber, Anil Ranson, Kent Supakankunt, Siripeni |
| author_facet |
Jakab, Melitta Preker, Alexander S. Krishnan, Chitra Schneider, Pia Diop, François Jütting, Johannes Gumber, Anil Ranson, Kent Supakankunt, Siripeni |
| author_sort |
Jakab, Melitta |
| title |
Social Inclusion and Financial Protection through Community Financing : Initial Results from Five Household Surveys |
| title_short |
Social Inclusion and Financial Protection through Community Financing : Initial Results from Five Household Surveys |
| title_full |
Social Inclusion and Financial Protection through Community Financing : Initial Results from Five Household Surveys |
| title_fullStr |
Social Inclusion and Financial Protection through Community Financing : Initial Results from Five Household Surveys |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Social Inclusion and Financial Protection through Community Financing : Initial Results from Five Household Surveys |
| title_sort |
social inclusion and financial protection through community financing : initial results from five household surveys |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/09/3542781/social-inclusion-financial-protection-through-community-financing-initial-results-five-household-surveys http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13715 |
| _version_ |
1764424458817241088 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-137152021-04-23T14:03:09Z Social Inclusion and Financial Protection through Community Financing : Initial Results from Five Household Surveys Jakab, Melitta Preker, Alexander S. Krishnan, Chitra Schneider, Pia Diop, François Jütting, Johannes Gumber, Anil Ranson, Kent Supakankunt, Siripeni ABSOLUTE POVERTY ADDICTION ADULT MORTALITY ADULT MORTALITY RATE ADVERSE SELECTION BASIC HEALTH CARE CHILD HEALTH SERVICES CLINICS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY HEALTH COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION DATA COLLECTION DATA SET DATA SETS DATA SOURCES DEBT RELIEF DECISION MAKING DEVELOPMENT NETWORK DIABETES DISTRICTS DOCTORS DONOR COMMUNITY ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYMENT EXPENDITURES FAMILIES FINANCIAL SUPPORT FINANCING MECHANISMS HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE FINANCING HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CENTER HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE PLANS HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH POSTS HEALTH REFORM HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SURVEY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEMS HOSPITAL SERVICES HOSPITALIZATION HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HYGIENE HYPERTENSION ILLITERACY IMPROVED ACCESS INCOME INCOME POPULATIONS INFORMAL SECTOR INHABITANTS INJURIES INPATIENT CARE INSURANCE INSURANCE COMPANIES ISOLATION LABOR FORCE LAWS LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFE INSURANCE LOW- INCOME COUNTRIES LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALARIA MANAGEMENT CAPACITY MEDICAL CARE MEDICAL CARE FOR THE POOR MEDICAL INSURANCE MORTALITY NATIONAL AVERAGE NATIONAL POPULATION NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS NUTRITION OUTPATIENT CARE PATIENTS PEDIATRICS POLICY MEASURES POLICY OPTIONS POOR COMMUNITIES POOR COUNTRIES POOR HOUSEHOLDS POPULATION GROUPS POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIVATE INSURANCE PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CARE PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SECTOR RESOURCE ALLOCATION RISK SHARING RURAL AREAS SAMPLE HOUSEHOLDS SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLING FRAME SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY TECHNICAL SUPPORT URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES WORKERS HEALTH CARE HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH FINANCE HEALTH FINANCING COMMUNITY FINANCING POVERTY & HEALTH SOCIOECONOMIC STATISTICS HEALTH CARE REFORM This paper provides empirical evidence regarding the performance of community-based health care financing in terms of (a) social inclusion and (b) financial protection. Five non-standardized household surveys were analyzed from India (two samples), Senegal, Rwanda, and Thailand. Common methodology was applied to the five data sets. Logistic regression was used to estimate the determinants of enrolling in a community financing scheme. A two-part model was used to assess the determinants of financial protection: part one used logistic regression to estimate the determinants of the likelihood of visiting a health care provider; part two used ordinary least-squares regression to estimate the determinants of out-of-pocket payments. The research finds: (a) Social inclusion. The findings suggest that community financing can be inclusive of the poorest even in the most economically deprived context. Nevertheless, this targeting outcome is not automatically attributable to the involvement of the community; rather it depends on key design and implementation characteristics of the schemes. (b) Financial protection. Community financing reduces financial barriers to health care as demonstrated by higher utilization and simultaneously lower out-of-pocket expenditure of scheme members controlling for a range of socioeconomic variables. The paper concludes: (a) Social inclusion. Design and implementation characteristics of community financing schemes matter to achieve good targeting outcome-community involvement alone does not guarantee social inclusion. Further research is needed to delineate which design and implementation characteristics allow better inclusion of the poor. (b) Financial protection. Prepayment and risk sharing, even on a small scale, reduce financial access barriers. 2013-05-30T19:14:56Z 2013-05-30T19:14:56Z 2001-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/09/3542781/social-inclusion-financial-protection-through-community-financing-initial-results-five-household-surveys http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13715 English en_US HNP discussion paper series; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Africa East Asia and Pacific South Asia |