The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data

Welfare losses from the 2008 food price crisis in Pakistan are deepening the gap between poor and non poor populations and further increasing inequality between the provinces. To estimate welfare losses, the reduction in caloric availability at hou...

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Main Authors:	Friedman, Jed, Hong, Seo Yeon, Hou, Xiaohui
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE TERMS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE PRICES BEEF BEVERAGES BREAD BUTTER CALORIC CONSUMPTION CALORIE INTAKE CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS CASH TRANSFERS CEREAL PRODUCTS CEREALS CHEESE CHEWING GUM CHOCOLATE CINNAMON CITRUS FRUIT CONDENSED MILK CONDIMENTS CONFECTIONERY CONSUMER PRICE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX COOKING COPING MECHANISMS CORN COST OF FOOD CREAM CREDIT MARKETS CROP PRODUCTION DAIRY DATES DIETARY DIVERSITY DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS EGGS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES FARM INCOME FARMERS FATS FOOD COMMODITIES FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD GOODS FOOD INSECURITY FOOD ITEMS FOOD POLICY FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUIT FRUIT JUICES FRUIT VEGETABLES FRUITS GRAINS GRAPES HONEY HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEADS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GAINS INCOME SHOCK INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFLATION IRRIGATION JAMS JUICES LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP MALNUTRITION MANGO MARGARINE MEAT MUTTON NATURAL DISASTERS NUTRITION PEANUTS PEPPER POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS POORER HOUSEHOLDS POTATO POVERTY LINE PRICE CHANGE PRICE CHANGES PRICE INCREASE PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDEX PRICE LEVEL PRICE TREND PULSES REGIONAL DIFFERENCE REGIONAL DIMENSIONS REGIONAL INCOME RETAIL RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RICE RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL DIFFERENCES RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR SAFETY NET SAFETY NET PROGRAMS SAFETY NET SYSTEM SALE SALES SCHOOLING SESAME SEEDS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOYBEAN SPICES STAPLE FOODS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTION SUBSTITUTION EFFECT SUGAR SUGARCANE TARGETING TEA TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TURMERIC VEGETABLES VOLATILITY VULNERABLE SEGMENTS WALNUT WELFARE IMPLICATIONS WELFARE INDICATOR WHEAT WHEAT FLOUR WHEAT PRODUCTION food crisis compensating variations
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/11/15633637/impact-food-price-crisis-consumption-caloric-availability-pakistan-evidence-repeated-cross-sectional-panel-data http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13584

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spelling	okr-10986-135842021-04-23T14:03:08Z The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data Friedman, Jed Hong, Seo Yeon Hou, Xiaohui ABSOLUTE TERMS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE PRICES BEEF BEVERAGES BREAD BUTTER CALORIC CONSUMPTION CALORIE INTAKE CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS CASH TRANSFERS CEREAL PRODUCTS CEREALS CHEESE CHEWING GUM CHOCOLATE CINNAMON CITRUS FRUIT CONDENSED MILK CONDIMENTS CONFECTIONERY CONSUMER PRICE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX COOKING COPING MECHANISMS CORN COST OF FOOD CREAM CREDIT MARKETS CROP PRODUCTION DAIRY DATES DIETARY DIVERSITY DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS EGGS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES FARM INCOME FARMERS FATS FOOD COMMODITIES FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD GOODS FOOD INSECURITY FOOD ITEMS FOOD POLICY FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUIT FRUIT JUICES FRUIT VEGETABLES FRUITS GRAINS GRAPES HONEY HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEADS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GAINS INCOME SHOCK INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFLATION IRRIGATION JAMS JUICES LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP MALNUTRITION MANGO MARGARINE MEAT MUTTON NATURAL DISASTERS NUTRITION PEANUTS PEPPER POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS POORER HOUSEHOLDS POTATO POVERTY LINE PRICE CHANGE PRICE CHANGES PRICE INCREASE PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDEX PRICE LEVEL PRICE TREND PULSES REGIONAL DIFFERENCE REGIONAL DIMENSIONS REGIONAL INCOME RETAIL RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RICE RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL DIFFERENCES RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR SAFETY NET SAFETY NET PROGRAMS SAFETY NET SYSTEM SALE SALES SCHOOLING SESAME SEEDS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOYBEAN SPICES STAPLE FOODS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTION SUBSTITUTION EFFECT SUGAR SUGARCANE TARGETING TEA TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TURMERIC VEGETABLES VOLATILITY VULNERABLE SEGMENTS WALNUT WELFARE IMPLICATIONS WELFARE INDICATOR WHEAT WHEAT FLOUR WHEAT PRODUCTION food crisis compensating variations Welfare losses from the 2008 food price crisis in Pakistan are deepening the gap between poor and non poor populations and further increasing inequality between the provinces. To estimate welfare losses, the reduction in caloric availability at household level is measured. The analysis of calorie intake by source supports the notion that rural households were shielded from the worst effects of the crisis by their capacity to grow their own food. Compensating variation estimates suggest that the average household would need 38 percent of its total precrisis expenditure to maintain precrisis consumption levels. The impact of the food price crisis (measured as the percentage of total expenditure required to restore consumption to the precrisis level) peaked at the end of 2008 to twice as high as at the start of the year. Average household caloric availability fell by almost 8 percent between 2006 and first half of 2008. Urban households were relatively worse off than rural households during the crisis. Income gains from sales of agricultural commodities produced by rural households presumably offset the negative impact of the food crisis to some degree. The drawdown of assets over 2008-10 was another important coping mechanism, especially for households without access to land. 2013-05-28T20:26:51Z 2013-05-28T20:26:51Z 2011-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/11/15633637/impact-food-price-crisis-consumption-caloric-availability-pakistan-evidence-repeated-cross-sectional-panel-data http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13584 English en_US Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) discussion paper; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research South Asia Pakistan
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ABSOLUTE TERMS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE PRICES BEEF BEVERAGES BREAD BUTTER CALORIC CONSUMPTION CALORIE INTAKE CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS CASH TRANSFERS CEREAL PRODUCTS CEREALS CHEESE CHEWING GUM CHOCOLATE CINNAMON CITRUS FRUIT CONDENSED MILK CONDIMENTS CONFECTIONERY CONSUMER PRICE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX COOKING COPING MECHANISMS CORN COST OF FOOD CREAM CREDIT MARKETS CROP PRODUCTION DAIRY DATES DIETARY DIVERSITY DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS EGGS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES FARM INCOME FARMERS FATS FOOD COMMODITIES FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD GOODS FOOD INSECURITY FOOD ITEMS FOOD POLICY FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUIT FRUIT JUICES FRUIT VEGETABLES FRUITS GRAINS GRAPES HONEY HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEADS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GAINS INCOME SHOCK INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFLATION IRRIGATION JAMS JUICES LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP MALNUTRITION MANGO MARGARINE MEAT MUTTON NATURAL DISASTERS NUTRITION PEANUTS PEPPER POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS POORER HOUSEHOLDS POTATO POVERTY LINE PRICE CHANGE PRICE CHANGES PRICE INCREASE PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDEX PRICE LEVEL PRICE TREND PULSES REGIONAL DIFFERENCE REGIONAL DIMENSIONS REGIONAL INCOME RETAIL RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RICE RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL DIFFERENCES RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR SAFETY NET SAFETY NET PROGRAMS SAFETY NET SYSTEM SALE SALES SCHOOLING SESAME SEEDS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOYBEAN SPICES STAPLE FOODS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTION SUBSTITUTION EFFECT SUGAR SUGARCANE TARGETING TEA TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TURMERIC VEGETABLES VOLATILITY VULNERABLE SEGMENTS WALNUT WELFARE IMPLICATIONS WELFARE INDICATOR WHEAT WHEAT FLOUR WHEAT PRODUCTION food crisis compensating variations
spellingShingle	ABSOLUTE TERMS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE PRICES BEEF BEVERAGES BREAD BUTTER CALORIC CONSUMPTION CALORIE INTAKE CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS CASH TRANSFERS CEREAL PRODUCTS CEREALS CHEESE CHEWING GUM CHOCOLATE CINNAMON CITRUS FRUIT CONDENSED MILK CONDIMENTS CONFECTIONERY CONSUMER PRICE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX COOKING COPING MECHANISMS CORN COST OF FOOD CREAM CREDIT MARKETS CROP PRODUCTION DAIRY DATES DIETARY DIVERSITY DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC SHOCKS EGGS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES FARM INCOME FARMERS FATS FOOD COMMODITIES FOOD CONSUMPTION FOOD GOODS FOOD INSECURITY FOOD ITEMS FOOD POLICY FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUIT FRUIT JUICES FRUIT VEGETABLES FRUITS GRAINS GRAPES HONEY HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEADS HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GAINS INCOME SHOCK INCOME SUPPORT INEQUALITY INFLATION IRRIGATION JAMS JUICES LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP MALNUTRITION MANGO MARGARINE MEAT MUTTON NATURAL DISASTERS NUTRITION PEANUTS PEPPER POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLDS POORER HOUSEHOLDS POTATO POVERTY LINE PRICE CHANGE PRICE CHANGES PRICE INCREASE PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDEX PRICE LEVEL PRICE TREND PULSES REGIONAL DIFFERENCE REGIONAL DIMENSIONS REGIONAL INCOME RETAIL RETAIL PRICE RETAIL PRICES RICE RURAL RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL DIFFERENCES RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR SAFETY NET SAFETY NET PROGRAMS SAFETY NET SYSTEM SALE SALES SCHOOLING SESAME SEEDS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOYBEAN SPICES STAPLE FOODS SUBSTITUTE SUBSTITUTION SUBSTITUTION EFFECT SUGAR SUGARCANE TARGETING TEA TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TURMERIC VEGETABLES VOLATILITY VULNERABLE SEGMENTS WALNUT WELFARE IMPLICATIONS WELFARE INDICATOR WHEAT WHEAT FLOUR WHEAT PRODUCTION food crisis compensating variations Friedman, Jed Hong, Seo Yeon Hou, Xiaohui The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data
geographic_facet	South Asia Pakistan
relation	Health, Nutrition and Population (HNP) discussion paper;
description	Welfare losses from the 2008 food price crisis in Pakistan are deepening the gap between poor and non poor populations and further increasing inequality between the provinces. To estimate welfare losses, the reduction in caloric availability at household level is measured. The analysis of calorie intake by source supports the notion that rural households were shielded from the worst effects of the crisis by their capacity to grow their own food. Compensating variation estimates suggest that the average household would need 38 percent of its total precrisis expenditure to maintain precrisis consumption levels. The impact of the food price crisis (measured as the percentage of total expenditure required to restore consumption to the precrisis level) peaked at the end of 2008 to twice as high as at the start of the year. Average household caloric availability fell by almost 8 percent between 2006 and first half of 2008. Urban households were relatively worse off than rural households during the crisis. Income gains from sales of agricultural commodities produced by rural households presumably offset the negative impact of the food crisis to some degree. The drawdown of assets over 2008-10 was another important coping mechanism, especially for households without access to land.
format	Publications & Research :: Working Paper
author	Friedman, Jed Hong, Seo Yeon Hou, Xiaohui
author_facet	Friedman, Jed Hong, Seo Yeon Hou, Xiaohui
author_sort	Friedman, Jed
title	The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data
title_short	The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data
title_full	The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data
title_fullStr	The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data
title_full_unstemmed	The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data
title_sort	impact of the food price crisis on consumption and caloric availability in pakistan : evidence from repeated cross-sectional and panel data
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/11/15633637/impact-food-price-crisis-consumption-caloric-availability-pakistan-evidence-repeated-cross-sectional-panel-data http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13584
_version_	1764423815182417920

The Impact of the Food Price Crisis on Consumption and Caloric Availability in Pakistan : Evidence from Repeated Cross-sectional and Panel Data

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