Study of Mercury-containing Lamp Waste Management in Sub-Saharan Africa
The overall amount of mercury in the mercury containing lamps (MCL) market in Sub-Saharan Africa is low compared to other sources of mercury, yet it can be further reduced up-stream by improving lamp lifetime and mercury content. One of the main ob...
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| Format: | Energy Study |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/16403035/africa-study-mercury-containing-lamp-waste-management-sub-saharan-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13004 |
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okr-10986-13004 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ABSORPTION ACTIVATED CARBON AIR AIR EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTION ALUMINUM AMMONIA AMOUNT OF EMISSIONS ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS ATMOSPHERE BIOGAS CALCULATION CARBON DIOXIDE CERTIFICATION CHEMICALS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COLLECTED WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEMS COMMERCIAL WASTE COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS CONTAMINANT DISASTERS DISPOSAL DISPOSAL FACILITY DISPOSAL OPERATION DISPOSAL PROCESS DISTILLATION DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE DOMESTIC WASTE DOMESTIC WASTE COLLECTION DOMESTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT DUMP DUMP SITES DUST ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REDUCTION POTENTIAL EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS FROM COAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS EVAPORATION FINAL DISPOSAL FOOD CHAIN FROST GARBAGE GARBAGE TRUCKS GAS FLARING GLASS GLOBAL EMISSIONS GOLD GOLD MINING GROUNDWATER H2S HALIDE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS WASTE HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION HAZARDOUS WASTE LANDFILLS HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT INCINERATION INCINERATOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE LANDFILL LANDFILL DESIGN LANDFILL GAS LANDFILL OPERATION LANDFILL OPERATORS LANDFILL SITE LANDFILLING LANDFILLS LEACHATE MERCURY MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS MERCURY CONTAMINATION MERCURY EMISSIONS MERCURY POISONING MERCURY POLLUTION MERCURY VAPOR MERCURY VAPORS METALS METHANE METHYLMERCURY MUNICIPAL LANDFILL MUNICIPAL SOLID MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE NH3 ORGANIC WASTE PARTICLES PLASTIC POLLUTANTS POWER PLANTS PRODUCTION PROCESS QUALITY STANDARDS RAIN RAINFALL RAINWATER RECYCLING RECYCLING FACILITY SCAVENGERS SECURE LANDFILL SEDIMENTS SITE OPERATOR SODIUM SOIL POLLUTION SOILS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SULFATE TEMPERATURE TOXICITY TOXINS ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION WASTE COLLECTION SCHEMES WASTE COLLECTION TRUCK WASTE COLLECTION TRUCKS WASTE CONTAINERS WASTE DECOMPOSITION WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT CHAIN WASTE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES WASTE MANAGEMENT SCHEME WASTE SOURCE WASTE STREAMS WASTE TREATMENT WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY WATER POLLUTION WATER QUALITY WATER RESEARCH WIND WIND SPEED |
| spellingShingle |
ABSORPTION ACTIVATED CARBON AIR AIR EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTION ALUMINUM AMMONIA AMOUNT OF EMISSIONS ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS ATMOSPHERE BIOGAS CALCULATION CARBON DIOXIDE CERTIFICATION CHEMICALS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COLLECTED WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEMS COMMERCIAL WASTE COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS CONTAMINANT DISASTERS DISPOSAL DISPOSAL FACILITY DISPOSAL OPERATION DISPOSAL PROCESS DISTILLATION DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE DOMESTIC WASTE DOMESTIC WASTE COLLECTION DOMESTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT DUMP DUMP SITES DUST ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REDUCTION POTENTIAL EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS FROM COAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS EVAPORATION FINAL DISPOSAL FOOD CHAIN FROST GARBAGE GARBAGE TRUCKS GAS FLARING GLASS GLOBAL EMISSIONS GOLD GOLD MINING GROUNDWATER H2S HALIDE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS WASTE HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION HAZARDOUS WASTE LANDFILLS HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT INCINERATION INCINERATOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE LANDFILL LANDFILL DESIGN LANDFILL GAS LANDFILL OPERATION LANDFILL OPERATORS LANDFILL SITE LANDFILLING LANDFILLS LEACHATE MERCURY MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS MERCURY CONTAMINATION MERCURY EMISSIONS MERCURY POISONING MERCURY POLLUTION MERCURY VAPOR MERCURY VAPORS METALS METHANE METHYLMERCURY MUNICIPAL LANDFILL MUNICIPAL SOLID MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE NH3 ORGANIC WASTE PARTICLES PLASTIC POLLUTANTS POWER PLANTS PRODUCTION PROCESS QUALITY STANDARDS RAIN RAINFALL RAINWATER RECYCLING RECYCLING FACILITY SCAVENGERS SECURE LANDFILL SEDIMENTS SITE OPERATOR SODIUM SOIL POLLUTION SOILS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SULFATE TEMPERATURE TOXICITY TOXINS ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION WASTE COLLECTION SCHEMES WASTE COLLECTION TRUCK WASTE COLLECTION TRUCKS WASTE CONTAINERS WASTE DECOMPOSITION WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT CHAIN WASTE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES WASTE MANAGEMENT SCHEME WASTE SOURCE WASTE STREAMS WASTE TREATMENT WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY WATER POLLUTION WATER QUALITY WATER RESEARCH WIND WIND SPEED World Bank Study of Mercury-containing Lamp Waste Management in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| geographic_facet |
Africa Sub-Saharan Africa South Africa |
| description |
The overall amount of mercury in the
mercury containing lamps (MCL) market in Sub-Saharan Africa
is low compared to other sources of mercury, yet it can be
further reduced up-stream by improving lamp lifetime and
mercury content. One of the main objectives of this report
is to provide policy-makers with the knowledge and tools
they need when confronted with a potentially significant
flow of end of life mercury containing lamps and the
potential mercury pollution it could generate, either
airborne or by seeping through the ground to water bodies.
The risks related to MCL waste are either low or easily
controllable in the business-as-usual scenario with a
domestic waste collection scheme and landfills. The design
of the landfill, which should be engineered, is essential to
reduce human exposure, environmental impact and associated
risks. The most effective solutions to reduce overall
mercury emissions, which are incineration with activated
carbon filters and mercury extraction and which require a
separate collection scheme, also result in the highest risk
for the workers. Some alternative measures can be more
effective and more sustainable; these require local
involvement from the government to reinforce policies as
well as broader involvement of lighting manufacturers at the
international level. Another essential measure is to
prepare the lighting market for a shift to other
mercury-free lighting technologies. LED has been under the
spotlight for several years now, but it will need further
development before it becomes commercially viable, and even
more so in Sub-Saharan Africa. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Energy Study |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Study of Mercury-containing Lamp Waste Management in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_short |
Study of Mercury-containing Lamp Waste Management in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full |
Study of Mercury-containing Lamp Waste Management in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_fullStr |
Study of Mercury-containing Lamp Waste Management in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Study of Mercury-containing Lamp Waste Management in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_sort |
study of mercury-containing lamp waste management in sub-saharan africa |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/16403035/africa-study-mercury-containing-lamp-waste-management-sub-saharan-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13004 |
| _version_ |
1764420954652409856 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-130042021-04-23T14:03:03Z Study of Mercury-containing Lamp Waste Management in Sub-Saharan Africa World Bank ABSORPTION ACTIVATED CARBON AIR AIR EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTION ALUMINUM AMMONIA AMOUNT OF EMISSIONS ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS ATMOSPHERE BIOGAS CALCULATION CARBON DIOXIDE CERTIFICATION CHEMICALS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COLLECTED WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEMS COMMERCIAL WASTE COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS CONTAMINANT DISASTERS DISPOSAL DISPOSAL FACILITY DISPOSAL OPERATION DISPOSAL PROCESS DISTILLATION DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE DOMESTIC WASTE DOMESTIC WASTE COLLECTION DOMESTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT DUMP DUMP SITES DUST ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION ELECTRICITY GENERATION EMISSION EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION REDUCTION POTENTIAL EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS FROM COAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS EVAPORATION FINAL DISPOSAL FOOD CHAIN FROST GARBAGE GARBAGE TRUCKS GAS FLARING GLASS GLOBAL EMISSIONS GOLD GOLD MINING GROUNDWATER H2S HALIDE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS WASTE HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION HAZARDOUS WASTE LANDFILLS HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT INCINERATION INCINERATOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE LANDFILL LANDFILL DESIGN LANDFILL GAS LANDFILL OPERATION LANDFILL OPERATORS LANDFILL SITE LANDFILLING LANDFILLS LEACHATE MERCURY MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS MERCURY CONTAMINATION MERCURY EMISSIONS MERCURY POISONING MERCURY POLLUTION MERCURY VAPOR MERCURY VAPORS METALS METHANE METHYLMERCURY MUNICIPAL LANDFILL MUNICIPAL SOLID MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MUNICIPAL WASTE NH3 ORGANIC WASTE PARTICLES PLASTIC POLLUTANTS POWER PLANTS PRODUCTION PROCESS QUALITY STANDARDS RAIN RAINFALL RAINWATER RECYCLING RECYCLING FACILITY SCAVENGERS SECURE LANDFILL SEDIMENTS SITE OPERATOR SODIUM SOIL POLLUTION SOILS SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SULFATE TEMPERATURE TOXICITY TOXINS ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION WASTE COLLECTION SCHEMES WASTE COLLECTION TRUCK WASTE COLLECTION TRUCKS WASTE CONTAINERS WASTE DECOMPOSITION WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE MANAGEMENT CHAIN WASTE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES WASTE MANAGEMENT SCHEME WASTE SOURCE WASTE STREAMS WASTE TREATMENT WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY WATER POLLUTION WATER QUALITY WATER RESEARCH WIND WIND SPEED The overall amount of mercury in the mercury containing lamps (MCL) market in Sub-Saharan Africa is low compared to other sources of mercury, yet it can be further reduced up-stream by improving lamp lifetime and mercury content. One of the main objectives of this report is to provide policy-makers with the knowledge and tools they need when confronted with a potentially significant flow of end of life mercury containing lamps and the potential mercury pollution it could generate, either airborne or by seeping through the ground to water bodies. The risks related to MCL waste are either low or easily controllable in the business-as-usual scenario with a domestic waste collection scheme and landfills. The design of the landfill, which should be engineered, is essential to reduce human exposure, environmental impact and associated risks. The most effective solutions to reduce overall mercury emissions, which are incineration with activated carbon filters and mercury extraction and which require a separate collection scheme, also result in the highest risk for the workers. Some alternative measures can be more effective and more sustainable; these require local involvement from the government to reinforce policies as well as broader involvement of lighting manufacturers at the international level. Another essential measure is to prepare the lighting market for a shift to other mercury-free lighting technologies. LED has been under the spotlight for several years now, but it will need further development before it becomes commercially viable, and even more so in Sub-Saharan Africa. 2013-03-27T20:52:29Z 2013-03-27T20:52:29Z 2010-07-20 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/16403035/africa-study-mercury-containing-lamp-waste-management-sub-saharan-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13004 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Energy Study Economic & Sector Work Africa Sub-Saharan Africa South Africa |