Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, 2008 : Regional Integration for Global Competitiveness
During 2007 the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA) experienced average growth of 5.7 percent. This was the fifth year in a row in which the region grew at a rate higher than 5 percent, exceeding levels reached in the 1990s and early 2000s. This performance occurred in the context of an...
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| Format: | Economic Updates and Modeling |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/01/16355668/middle-east-north-africa-region-2008-economic-developments-prospects-regional-integration-global-competitiveness http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12949 |
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okr-10986-12949 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
AVERAGE OIL PRICE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BALANCE OF TRADE BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BILATERAL TRADE BILL BONDS BUDGET DEFICIT BUSINESS CLIMATE CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS CAPITAL FLOWS CAPITAL INFLOWS CAPITAL MARKET CAPITAL MARKET INTEGRATION CAPITAL MOVEMENTS CAPITAL OUTFLOWS COMMODITY MARKET COMMODITY MARKETS COMMON MARKET COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER CPI CURRENCY CURRENCY REGIME CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCES CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CURRENT ACCOUNT POSITIONS CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS DEBT DEFICITS DEMAND GROWTH DEPRECIATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT DIVIDENDS DOLLAR PEG DOMESTIC CONDITIONS DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC ECONOMY DOMESTIC PRICES DRAG ON GROWTH ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EQUILIBRIUM EQUITY MARKETS EURO EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE APPRECIATION EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT REVENUES EXPORT VOLUME EXPORT VOLUMES EXPOSURE EXTERNAL BALANCE EXTERNAL BALANCES EXTERNAL POSITIONS FACTOR MARKETS FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL SECURITY FISCAL BALANCE FISCAL BALANCES FISCAL DEFICIT FIXED INVESTMENT FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATES FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FOREIGN RESERVES FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS FUTURE GROWTH GLOBAL INTEGRATION GOLD GROWTH RATES HARD CURRENCIES HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES IMBALANCES IMPORT IMPORT DEMAND IMPORT PROTECTION IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INDUSTRIAL COUNTRY INFLATION INFLATION PERFORMANCE INFORMATION SYSTEM INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL EMERGING MARKETS INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL RESERVES INVESTMENT OUTLAYS INVESTOR CONFIDENCE LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE GROWTH LEVELS OF IMPORT LEVELS OF INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LIQUIDITY LIQUIDITY CONDITIONS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MARKET CAPITALIZATION MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET POWER MARKET PRESSURES MARKET VALUATIONS MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES MORTGAGE MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES NATURAL RESOURCES OIL COMMODITIES OIL COMMODITY OIL COMMODITY PRICES OIL DEMAND OIL EXPORT OIL EXPORTERS OIL EXPORTS OIL MARKET OIL PRICE OIL PRICES OIL REVENUES OIL SUPPLY OIL-EXPORTING COUNTRIES OPEC OUTPUT OUTTURNS POLICY MAKERS POPULATION GROWTH PORTFOLIO PORTFOLIO FLOWS PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDEX PRICE OF OIL PRIVATE CONSUMPTION PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRODUCERS PROPERTY RIGHTS PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY QUOTAS RAPID GROWTH REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATES REAL ESTATE REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS REGIONALISM REGULATORS REGULATORY REFORM RELATIVE PRICE REMITTANCE REMITTANCES SECTOR REFORMS SECURITIES SHORTFALL SHORTFALLS SLOWDOWN STOCK MARKET STOCK MARKETS STRONG DEMAND STRUCTURAL REFORM STRUCTURAL REFORMS SUPPLY SIDE SURPLUS SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TARIFF REDUCTIONS TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPORTS TOTAL IMPORTS TRADE ASSOCIATION TRADE BALANCE TRADE BALANCES TRADE DEFICIT TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE POLICY TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS TRADE SURPLUS TRANSPORTATION COSTS TREASURY UNCERTAINTIES UNCERTAINTY UNEMPLOYMENT VALUE INDEX WORLD DEMAND WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS WORLD TRADE |
| spellingShingle |
AVERAGE OIL PRICE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BALANCE OF TRADE BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BILATERAL TRADE BILL BONDS BUDGET DEFICIT BUSINESS CLIMATE CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS CAPITAL FLOWS CAPITAL INFLOWS CAPITAL MARKET CAPITAL MARKET INTEGRATION CAPITAL MOVEMENTS CAPITAL OUTFLOWS COMMODITY MARKET COMMODITY MARKETS COMMON MARKET COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER CPI CURRENCY CURRENCY REGIME CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCES CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CURRENT ACCOUNT POSITIONS CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS DEBT DEFICITS DEMAND GROWTH DEPRECIATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT DIVIDENDS DOLLAR PEG DOMESTIC CONDITIONS DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC ECONOMY DOMESTIC PRICES DRAG ON GROWTH ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EQUILIBRIUM EQUITY MARKETS EURO EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE APPRECIATION EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT REVENUES EXPORT VOLUME EXPORT VOLUMES EXPOSURE EXTERNAL BALANCE EXTERNAL BALANCES EXTERNAL POSITIONS FACTOR MARKETS FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL SECURITY FISCAL BALANCE FISCAL BALANCES FISCAL DEFICIT FIXED INVESTMENT FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATES FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FOREIGN RESERVES FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS FUTURE GROWTH GLOBAL INTEGRATION GOLD GROWTH RATES HARD CURRENCIES HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES IMBALANCES IMPORT IMPORT DEMAND IMPORT PROTECTION IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INDUSTRIAL COUNTRY INFLATION INFLATION PERFORMANCE INFORMATION SYSTEM INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL EMERGING MARKETS INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL RESERVES INVESTMENT OUTLAYS INVESTOR CONFIDENCE LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE GROWTH LEVELS OF IMPORT LEVELS OF INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LIQUIDITY LIQUIDITY CONDITIONS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MARKET CAPITALIZATION MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET POWER MARKET PRESSURES MARKET VALUATIONS MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES MORTGAGE MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES NATURAL RESOURCES OIL COMMODITIES OIL COMMODITY OIL COMMODITY PRICES OIL DEMAND OIL EXPORT OIL EXPORTERS OIL EXPORTS OIL MARKET OIL PRICE OIL PRICES OIL REVENUES OIL SUPPLY OIL-EXPORTING COUNTRIES OPEC OUTPUT OUTTURNS POLICY MAKERS POPULATION GROWTH PORTFOLIO PORTFOLIO FLOWS PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDEX PRICE OF OIL PRIVATE CONSUMPTION PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRODUCERS PROPERTY RIGHTS PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY QUOTAS RAPID GROWTH REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATES REAL ESTATE REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS REGIONALISM REGULATORS REGULATORY REFORM RELATIVE PRICE REMITTANCE REMITTANCES SECTOR REFORMS SECURITIES SHORTFALL SHORTFALLS SLOWDOWN STOCK MARKET STOCK MARKETS STRONG DEMAND STRUCTURAL REFORM STRUCTURAL REFORMS SUPPLY SIDE SURPLUS SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TARIFF REDUCTIONS TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPORTS TOTAL IMPORTS TRADE ASSOCIATION TRADE BALANCE TRADE BALANCES TRADE DEFICIT TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE POLICY TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS TRADE SURPLUS TRANSPORTATION COSTS TREASURY UNCERTAINTIES UNCERTAINTY UNEMPLOYMENT VALUE INDEX WORLD DEMAND WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS WORLD TRADE World Bank Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, 2008 : Regional Integration for Global Competitiveness |
| geographic_facet |
Middle East and North Africa North Africa Middle East |
| description |
During 2007 the Middle East and North Africa Region
(MENA) experienced average growth of 5.7
percent. This was the fifth year in a row in which
the region grew at a rate higher than 5 percent, exceeding
levels reached in the 1990s and early 2000s.
This performance occurred in the context of an external
environment marked by three major developments:
a continued rise in the price of hydrocarbons,
turbulence in international financial markets
following the sharp drop in market valuations of
U.S. mortgage- backed securities, and a sharp rise in
the price of non- oil commodities, especially foodstuffs.
These developments have affected the various
MENA economies in different ways. On average,
however, the region has done well, with
respectable growth and comfortable external and
fiscal balances. Similar performance, that is, average
growth of about 5.6 percent, is expected over the
next three years. Oil prices are expected to remain
buoyant, leading to high levels of investment and
remittance flows within the region. Food prices are
also expected to remain high. Because most countries
in the region subsidize food and energy, high
food prices will lead to fiscal pressures for many governments.
But such pressures are not expected to
choke off economic growth. Global financial turbulence
and a likely slowdown of growth in the Organisation
for Economic Co- operation and Development
(OECD) countries are expected to be
offset by continued robust spending among oilexporting
countries and vibrant expansion in China
and India. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Economic Updates and Modeling |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, 2008 : Regional Integration for Global Competitiveness |
| title_short |
Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, 2008 : Regional Integration for Global Competitiveness |
| title_full |
Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, 2008 : Regional Integration for Global Competitiveness |
| title_fullStr |
Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, 2008 : Regional Integration for Global Competitiveness |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, 2008 : Regional Integration for Global Competitiveness |
| title_sort |
middle east and north africa economic developments and prospects, 2008 : regional integration for global competitiveness |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/01/16355668/middle-east-north-africa-region-2008-economic-developments-prospects-regional-integration-global-competitiveness http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12949 |
| _version_ |
1764420752791044096 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-129492021-04-23T14:03:02Z Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, 2008 : Regional Integration for Global Competitiveness World Bank AVERAGE OIL PRICE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BALANCE OF TRADE BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BILATERAL TRADE BILL BONDS BUDGET DEFICIT BUSINESS CLIMATE CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS CAPITAL FLOWS CAPITAL INFLOWS CAPITAL MARKET CAPITAL MARKET INTEGRATION CAPITAL MOVEMENTS CAPITAL OUTFLOWS COMMODITY MARKET COMMODITY MARKETS COMMON MARKET COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICE INFLATION COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE COPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTER CPI CURRENCY CURRENCY REGIME CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCES CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CURRENT ACCOUNT POSITIONS CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS DEBT DEFICITS DEMAND GROWTH DEPRECIATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT DIVIDENDS DOLLAR PEG DOMESTIC CONDITIONS DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC ECONOMY DOMESTIC PRICES DRAG ON GROWTH ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EQUILIBRIUM EQUITY MARKETS EURO EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE APPRECIATION EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT REVENUES EXPORT VOLUME EXPORT VOLUMES EXPOSURE EXTERNAL BALANCE EXTERNAL BALANCES EXTERNAL POSITIONS FACTOR MARKETS FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL SECURITY FISCAL BALANCE FISCAL BALANCES FISCAL DEFICIT FIXED INVESTMENT FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATES FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FOREIGN RESERVES FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS FUTURE GROWTH GLOBAL INTEGRATION GOLD GROWTH RATES HARD CURRENCIES HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES IMBALANCES IMPORT IMPORT DEMAND IMPORT PROTECTION IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INDUSTRIAL COUNTRY INFLATION INFLATION PERFORMANCE INFORMATION SYSTEM INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL EMERGING MARKETS INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL RESERVES INVESTMENT OUTLAYS INVESTOR CONFIDENCE LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE GROWTH LEVELS OF IMPORT LEVELS OF INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION LIQUIDITY LIQUIDITY CONDITIONS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MARKET CAPITALIZATION MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET POWER MARKET PRESSURES MARKET VALUATIONS MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES MORTGAGE MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES NATURAL RESOURCES OIL COMMODITIES OIL COMMODITY OIL COMMODITY PRICES OIL DEMAND OIL EXPORT OIL EXPORTERS OIL EXPORTS OIL MARKET OIL PRICE OIL PRICES OIL REVENUES OIL SUPPLY OIL-EXPORTING COUNTRIES OPEC OUTPUT OUTTURNS POLICY MAKERS POPULATION GROWTH PORTFOLIO PORTFOLIO FLOWS PRICE INCREASES PRICE INDEX PRICE OF OIL PRIVATE CONSUMPTION PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRODUCERS PROPERTY RIGHTS PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY QUOTAS RAPID GROWTH REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATES REAL ESTATE REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS REGIONALISM REGULATORS REGULATORY REFORM RELATIVE PRICE REMITTANCE REMITTANCES SECTOR REFORMS SECURITIES SHORTFALL SHORTFALLS SLOWDOWN STOCK MARKET STOCK MARKETS STRONG DEMAND STRUCTURAL REFORM STRUCTURAL REFORMS SUPPLY SIDE SURPLUS SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TARIFF REDUCTIONS TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPORTS TOTAL IMPORTS TRADE ASSOCIATION TRADE BALANCE TRADE BALANCES TRADE DEFICIT TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE POLICY TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS TRADE SURPLUS TRANSPORTATION COSTS TREASURY UNCERTAINTIES UNCERTAINTY UNEMPLOYMENT VALUE INDEX WORLD DEMAND WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS WORLD TRADE During 2007 the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA) experienced average growth of 5.7 percent. This was the fifth year in a row in which the region grew at a rate higher than 5 percent, exceeding levels reached in the 1990s and early 2000s. This performance occurred in the context of an external environment marked by three major developments: a continued rise in the price of hydrocarbons, turbulence in international financial markets following the sharp drop in market valuations of U.S. mortgage- backed securities, and a sharp rise in the price of non- oil commodities, especially foodstuffs. These developments have affected the various MENA economies in different ways. On average, however, the region has done well, with respectable growth and comfortable external and fiscal balances. Similar performance, that is, average growth of about 5.6 percent, is expected over the next three years. Oil prices are expected to remain buoyant, leading to high levels of investment and remittance flows within the region. Food prices are also expected to remain high. Because most countries in the region subsidize food and energy, high food prices will lead to fiscal pressures for many governments. But such pressures are not expected to choke off economic growth. Global financial turbulence and a likely slowdown of growth in the Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD) countries are expected to be offset by continued robust spending among oilexporting countries and vibrant expansion in China and India. 2013-03-26T19:02:15Z 2013-03-26T19:02:15Z 2008 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/01/16355668/middle-east-north-africa-region-2008-economic-developments-prospects-regional-integration-global-competitiveness http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12949 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Economic Updates and Modeling Economic & Sector Work Middle East and North Africa North Africa Middle East |