Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report

The Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Study evaluates the effects of improved fuel specifications on refiningoperations and air quality in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The improved fuel specifications would reduce the levels of certain pollutants in fuels,...

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Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Mining/Oil and Gas
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	ACID ADVANCED ENGINE AEROSOLS AGING AIR AIR CONCENTRATIONS AIR POLLUTANT AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AIR QUALITY MODELING AIR QUALITY MONITORING ALTITUDE AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT OZONE ATMOSPHERE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AUTOMOBILES BENZENE BENZENE CONTENT BENZENE EMISSIONS BENZENE LEVELS BIOMASS BOILERS BUS BUSES CALCULATION CARBON CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE CARS CATALYSTS CH4 CHEMICAL REACTIONS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS CLEAN AIR CLEAN FUELS CLIMATE CLOUD COVER CO CO2 COAL COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL VEHICLES DECISION MAKING DIESEL DIESEL EMISSIONS DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUEL DIESEL FUEL SPECIFICATIONS DIESEL VEHICLES DOMESTIC EMISSIONS DRAINAGE DRIVING DUST ELASTICITY EMISSION EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY EMISSION DATA EMISSION FACTOR EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION INSPECTION EMISSION INVENTORY EMISSION LEVELS EMISSION LIMITS EMISSION RATE EMISSION RATES EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION SCENARIOS EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSION TEST EMISSION TESTING EMISSIONS EMISSIONS CONTROL EMISSIONS DATA EMISSIONS ESTIMATES EMISSIONS FACTORS EMISSIONS FROM ROAD EMISSIONS FROM ROAD TRANSPORT EMISSIONS INVENTORIES EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS EMISSIONS RESULTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EPIDEMIOLOGY EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS EXHAUST GAS EXPOSURE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS FINE PARTICLES FOOD PREPARATION FRICTION VELOCITY FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL ECONOMY FUEL INJECTION FUEL OIL FUEL QUALITY FUEL SPECIFICATIONS FUEL TYPE FUEL TYPES FUEL USE FUELS FUGITIVE EMISSIONS GAS RECIRCULATION GAS STATIONS GASOLINE GASOLINE SULFUR GASOLINE SULFUR CONTENT GASOLINE VEHICLES GHG GHGS GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE EFFECT GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH OUTCOMES HFCS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HUMIDITY INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION INSPECTION LAND USE LEVELS OF EMISSIONS LOCAL AIR QUALITY METALS METEOROLOGICAL DATA METEOROLOGY METHANE MIXING HEIGHT MODE OF TRANSPORTATION MODES OF TRANSPORT MORBIDITY MORTALITY MOTOR VEHICLE MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC MOTOR VEHICLES MOTORCYCLE ENGINES MOTORCYCLE TRAVEL MOTORCYCLE USE MOTORCYCLES N2O NEEDS ASSESSMENT NITRATE NITRATES NITROGEN NITROGEN DIOXIDE NITROGEN OXIDES NITROUS OXIDE NO2 NOX O3 OXIDATION CATALYST OXIDES OF SULFUR OZONE OZONE CONCENTRATION PARTICLES PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PASSENGER VEHICLES PERFLUOROCARBONS PETROL PFCS PM10 POLLUTANT EMISSION POLLUTANT EMISSIONS POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION EMISSION POLLUTION IMPACTS POLLUTION PROBLEMS POPULATION DENSITY POWER PLANTS PP PRIVATE VEHICLES PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES QUALITY OF LIFE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS RADIATION RAINFALL REFINERY ROAD NETWORK ROAD TRAFFIC ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS ROAD VEHICLES ROADS ROADWAY ROUTES SANITATION SCREENING SF6 SMOKERS SO2 SOOT SOX SULFATE SULFATES SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULPHUR SURFACE OZONE SUSPENDED DUST TAILPIPE EMISSIONS TAILPIPE EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS TAXIS TEMPERATURE TIRES TOTAL EMISSIONS TOWNS TRAFFIC POLLUTION TRANSIT TRANSPORT AUTHORITY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITY TRUCKS TRUE UNEP URBAN AREAS URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLE VEHICLE EMISSION VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL VEHICLE EMISSION STANDARDS VEHICLE EMISSIONS VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLE KILOMETERS VEHICLE TRAFFIC VEHICLE TRAVEL VEHICLE TYPES VEHICLE-KILOMETERS VENTILATION VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WASTE WIND WIND SPEED
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/09/16453098/final-report-sub-saharan-africa-refinery-project-health-study-volume-i-abr-vol-1-3 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12718

id	okr-10986-12718
recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACID ADVANCED ENGINE AEROSOLS AGING AIR AIR CONCENTRATIONS AIR POLLUTANT AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AIR QUALITY MODELING AIR QUALITY MONITORING ALTITUDE AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT OZONE ATMOSPHERE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AUTOMOBILES BENZENE BENZENE CONTENT BENZENE EMISSIONS BENZENE LEVELS BIOMASS BOILERS BUS BUSES CALCULATION CARBON CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE CARS CATALYSTS CH4 CHEMICAL REACTIONS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS CLEAN AIR CLEAN FUELS CLIMATE CLOUD COVER CO CO2 COAL COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL VEHICLES DECISION MAKING DIESEL DIESEL EMISSIONS DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUEL DIESEL FUEL SPECIFICATIONS DIESEL VEHICLES DOMESTIC EMISSIONS DRAINAGE DRIVING DUST ELASTICITY EMISSION EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY EMISSION DATA EMISSION FACTOR EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION INSPECTION EMISSION INVENTORY EMISSION LEVELS EMISSION LIMITS EMISSION RATE EMISSION RATES EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION SCENARIOS EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSION TEST EMISSION TESTING EMISSIONS EMISSIONS CONTROL EMISSIONS DATA EMISSIONS ESTIMATES EMISSIONS FACTORS EMISSIONS FROM ROAD EMISSIONS FROM ROAD TRANSPORT EMISSIONS INVENTORIES EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS EMISSIONS RESULTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EPIDEMIOLOGY EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS EXHAUST GAS EXPOSURE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS FINE PARTICLES FOOD PREPARATION FRICTION VELOCITY FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL ECONOMY FUEL INJECTION FUEL OIL FUEL QUALITY FUEL SPECIFICATIONS FUEL TYPE FUEL TYPES FUEL USE FUELS FUGITIVE EMISSIONS GAS RECIRCULATION GAS STATIONS GASOLINE GASOLINE SULFUR GASOLINE SULFUR CONTENT GASOLINE VEHICLES GHG GHGS GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE EFFECT GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH OUTCOMES HFCS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HUMIDITY INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION INSPECTION LAND USE LEVELS OF EMISSIONS LOCAL AIR QUALITY METALS METEOROLOGICAL DATA METEOROLOGY METHANE MIXING HEIGHT MODE OF TRANSPORTATION MODES OF TRANSPORT MORBIDITY MORTALITY MOTOR VEHICLE MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC MOTOR VEHICLES MOTORCYCLE ENGINES MOTORCYCLE TRAVEL MOTORCYCLE USE MOTORCYCLES N2O NEEDS ASSESSMENT NITRATE NITRATES NITROGEN NITROGEN DIOXIDE NITROGEN OXIDES NITROUS OXIDE NO2 NOX O3 OXIDATION CATALYST OXIDES OF SULFUR OZONE OZONE CONCENTRATION PARTICLES PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PASSENGER VEHICLES PERFLUOROCARBONS PETROL PFCS PM10 POLLUTANT EMISSION POLLUTANT EMISSIONS POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION EMISSION POLLUTION IMPACTS POLLUTION PROBLEMS POPULATION DENSITY POWER PLANTS PP PRIVATE VEHICLES PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES QUALITY OF LIFE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS RADIATION RAINFALL REFINERY ROAD NETWORK ROAD TRAFFIC ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS ROAD VEHICLES ROADS ROADWAY ROUTES SANITATION SCREENING SF6 SMOKERS SO2 SOOT SOX SULFATE SULFATES SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULPHUR SURFACE OZONE SUSPENDED DUST TAILPIPE EMISSIONS TAILPIPE EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS TAXIS TEMPERATURE TIRES TOTAL EMISSIONS TOWNS TRAFFIC POLLUTION TRANSIT TRANSPORT AUTHORITY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITY TRUCKS TRUE UNEP URBAN AREAS URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLE VEHICLE EMISSION VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL VEHICLE EMISSION STANDARDS VEHICLE EMISSIONS VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLE KILOMETERS VEHICLE TRAFFIC VEHICLE TRAVEL VEHICLE TYPES VEHICLE-KILOMETERS VENTILATION VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WASTE WIND WIND SPEED
spellingShingle	ACID ADVANCED ENGINE AEROSOLS AGING AIR AIR CONCENTRATIONS AIR POLLUTANT AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AIR QUALITY MODELING AIR QUALITY MONITORING ALTITUDE AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT OZONE ATMOSPHERE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AUTOMOBILES BENZENE BENZENE CONTENT BENZENE EMISSIONS BENZENE LEVELS BIOMASS BOILERS BUS BUSES CALCULATION CARBON CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE CARS CATALYSTS CH4 CHEMICAL REACTIONS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS CLEAN AIR CLEAN FUELS CLIMATE CLOUD COVER CO CO2 COAL COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL VEHICLES DECISION MAKING DIESEL DIESEL EMISSIONS DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUEL DIESEL FUEL SPECIFICATIONS DIESEL VEHICLES DOMESTIC EMISSIONS DRAINAGE DRIVING DUST ELASTICITY EMISSION EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY EMISSION DATA EMISSION FACTOR EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION INSPECTION EMISSION INVENTORY EMISSION LEVELS EMISSION LIMITS EMISSION RATE EMISSION RATES EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION SCENARIOS EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSION TEST EMISSION TESTING EMISSIONS EMISSIONS CONTROL EMISSIONS DATA EMISSIONS ESTIMATES EMISSIONS FACTORS EMISSIONS FROM ROAD EMISSIONS FROM ROAD TRANSPORT EMISSIONS INVENTORIES EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS EMISSIONS RESULTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EPIDEMIOLOGY EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS EXHAUST GAS EXPOSURE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS FINE PARTICLES FOOD PREPARATION FRICTION VELOCITY FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL ECONOMY FUEL INJECTION FUEL OIL FUEL QUALITY FUEL SPECIFICATIONS FUEL TYPE FUEL TYPES FUEL USE FUELS FUGITIVE EMISSIONS GAS RECIRCULATION GAS STATIONS GASOLINE GASOLINE SULFUR GASOLINE SULFUR CONTENT GASOLINE VEHICLES GHG GHGS GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE EFFECT GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH OUTCOMES HFCS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HUMIDITY INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION INSPECTION LAND USE LEVELS OF EMISSIONS LOCAL AIR QUALITY METALS METEOROLOGICAL DATA METEOROLOGY METHANE MIXING HEIGHT MODE OF TRANSPORTATION MODES OF TRANSPORT MORBIDITY MORTALITY MOTOR VEHICLE MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC MOTOR VEHICLES MOTORCYCLE ENGINES MOTORCYCLE TRAVEL MOTORCYCLE USE MOTORCYCLES N2O NEEDS ASSESSMENT NITRATE NITRATES NITROGEN NITROGEN DIOXIDE NITROGEN OXIDES NITROUS OXIDE NO2 NOX O3 OXIDATION CATALYST OXIDES OF SULFUR OZONE OZONE CONCENTRATION PARTICLES PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PASSENGER VEHICLES PERFLUOROCARBONS PETROL PFCS PM10 POLLUTANT EMISSION POLLUTANT EMISSIONS POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION EMISSION POLLUTION IMPACTS POLLUTION PROBLEMS POPULATION DENSITY POWER PLANTS PP PRIVATE VEHICLES PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES QUALITY OF LIFE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS RADIATION RAINFALL REFINERY ROAD NETWORK ROAD TRAFFIC ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS ROAD VEHICLES ROADS ROADWAY ROUTES SANITATION SCREENING SF6 SMOKERS SO2 SOOT SOX SULFATE SULFATES SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULPHUR SURFACE OZONE SUSPENDED DUST TAILPIPE EMISSIONS TAILPIPE EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS TAXIS TEMPERATURE TIRES TOTAL EMISSIONS TOWNS TRAFFIC POLLUTION TRANSIT TRANSPORT AUTHORITY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITY TRUCKS TRUE UNEP URBAN AREAS URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLE VEHICLE EMISSION VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL VEHICLE EMISSION STANDARDS VEHICLE EMISSIONS VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLE KILOMETERS VEHICLE TRAFFIC VEHICLE TRAVEL VEHICLE TYPES VEHICLE-KILOMETERS VENTILATION VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WASTE WIND WIND SPEED World Bank Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report
geographic_facet	Africa
description	The Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Study evaluates the effects of improved fuel specifications on refiningoperations and air quality in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The improved fuel specifications would reduce the levels of certain pollutants in fuels, in turn reducing human exposure to these pollutants in ambient air. The health study estimates the health impacts and associated monetary benefits associated with the proposed improvements in fuel quality. The estimated monetary benefits will be compared to the costs to the refining industry associated with a change in fuel specifications, by region, as presented in Volume II,the Refinery Study
format	Economic & Sector Work :: Mining/Oil and Gas
author	World Bank
author_facet	World Bank
author_sort	World Bank
title	Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report
title_short	Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report
title_full	Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report
title_fullStr	Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report
title_full_unstemmed	Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report
title_sort	sub-saharan africa refinery project : volume i-a. health study final report
publisher	Washington, DC
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/09/16453098/final-report-sub-saharan-africa-refinery-project-health-study-volume-i-abr-vol-1-3 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12718
_version_	1764421647933112320
spelling	okr-10986-127182021-04-23T14:03:04Z Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report World Bank ACID ADVANCED ENGINE AEROSOLS AGING AIR AIR CONCENTRATIONS AIR POLLUTANT AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT AIR POLLUTION PROBLEMS AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT AIR QUALITY MODELING AIR QUALITY MONITORING ALTITUDE AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT CONCENTRATIONS AMBIENT OZONE ATMOSPHERE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AUTOMOBILES BENZENE BENZENE CONTENT BENZENE EMISSIONS BENZENE LEVELS BIOMASS BOILERS BUS BUSES CALCULATION CARBON CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE CARS CATALYSTS CH4 CHEMICAL REACTIONS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS CLEAN AIR CLEAN FUELS CLIMATE CLOUD COVER CO CO2 COAL COMBUSTION COMMERCIAL VEHICLES DECISION MAKING DIESEL DIESEL EMISSIONS DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUEL DIESEL FUEL SPECIFICATIONS DIESEL VEHICLES DOMESTIC EMISSIONS DRAINAGE DRIVING DUST ELASTICITY EMISSION EMISSION CONTROL EMISSION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY EMISSION DATA EMISSION FACTOR EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION INSPECTION EMISSION INVENTORY EMISSION LEVELS EMISSION LIMITS EMISSION RATE EMISSION RATES EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSION SCENARIOS EMISSION STANDARDS EMISSION TEST EMISSION TESTING EMISSIONS EMISSIONS CONTROL EMISSIONS DATA EMISSIONS ESTIMATES EMISSIONS FACTORS EMISSIONS FROM ROAD EMISSIONS FROM ROAD TRANSPORT EMISSIONS INVENTORIES EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS EMISSIONS RESULTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY EPIDEMIOLOGY EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS EXHAUST GAS EXPOSURE-RESPONSE FUNCTIONS FINE PARTICLES FOOD PREPARATION FRICTION VELOCITY FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL ECONOMY FUEL INJECTION FUEL OIL FUEL QUALITY FUEL SPECIFICATIONS FUEL TYPE FUEL TYPES FUEL USE FUELS FUGITIVE EMISSIONS GAS RECIRCULATION GAS STATIONS GASOLINE GASOLINE SULFUR GASOLINE SULFUR CONTENT GASOLINE VEHICLES GHG GHGS GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE EFFECT GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HEALTH EFFECTS HEALTH OUTCOMES HFCS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HUMIDITY INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION INSPECTION LAND USE LEVELS OF EMISSIONS LOCAL AIR QUALITY METALS METEOROLOGICAL DATA METEOROLOGY METHANE MIXING HEIGHT MODE OF TRANSPORTATION MODES OF TRANSPORT MORBIDITY MORTALITY MOTOR VEHICLE MOTOR VEHICLE TRAFFIC MOTOR VEHICLES MOTORCYCLE ENGINES MOTORCYCLE TRAVEL MOTORCYCLE USE MOTORCYCLES N2O NEEDS ASSESSMENT NITRATE NITRATES NITROGEN NITROGEN DIOXIDE NITROGEN OXIDES NITROUS OXIDE NO2 NOX O3 OXIDATION CATALYST OXIDES OF SULFUR OZONE OZONE CONCENTRATION PARTICLES PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PASSENGER VEHICLES PERFLUOROCARBONS PETROL PFCS PM10 POLLUTANT EMISSION POLLUTANT EMISSIONS POLLUTION CONTROL POLLUTION EMISSION POLLUTION IMPACTS POLLUTION PROBLEMS POPULATION DENSITY POWER PLANTS PP PRIVATE VEHICLES PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC TRANSPORT PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES QUALITY OF LIFE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS RADIATION RAINFALL REFINERY ROAD NETWORK ROAD TRAFFIC ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS ROAD VEHICLES ROADS ROADWAY ROUTES SANITATION SCREENING SF6 SMOKERS SO2 SOOT SOX SULFATE SULFATES SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SULPHUR SURFACE OZONE SUSPENDED DUST TAILPIPE EMISSIONS TAILPIPE EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS TAXIS TEMPERATURE TIRES TOTAL EMISSIONS TOWNS TRAFFIC POLLUTION TRANSIT TRANSPORT AUTHORITY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITY TRUCKS TRUE UNEP URBAN AREAS URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLE VEHICLE EMISSION VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL VEHICLE EMISSION STANDARDS VEHICLE EMISSIONS VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLE KILOMETERS VEHICLE TRAFFIC VEHICLE TRAVEL VEHICLE TYPES VEHICLE-KILOMETERS VENTILATION VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WASTE WIND WIND SPEED The Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Study evaluates the effects of improved fuel specifications on refiningoperations and air quality in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The improved fuel specifications would reduce the levels of certain pollutants in fuels, in turn reducing human exposure to these pollutants in ambient air. The health study estimates the health impacts and associated monetary benefits associated with the proposed improvements in fuel quality. The estimated monetary benefits will be compared to the costs to the refining industry associated with a change in fuel specifications, by region, as presented in Volume II,the Refinery Study 2013-03-14T15:08:44Z 2013-03-14T15:08:44Z 2009-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/09/16453098/final-report-sub-saharan-africa-refinery-project-health-study-volume-i-abr-vol-1-3 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12718 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Mining/Oil and Gas Economic & Sector Work Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa Refinery Project : Volume I-A. Health Study Final Report

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