History and Evolution of Social Assistance in Indonesia

Over the past 13 years, the Government of Indonesia (GOI) has moved from a set of temporary, crisis-driven social assistance initiatives towards a more permanent system of social assistance programs. This background paper aims to provide a brief hi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Public Expenditure Review
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE POVERTY ADOLESCENTS AGED AGING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ALLOCATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS ASSISTANCE STRATEGY BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE BENEFICIARIES BENEFIT LEVELS BLOCK GRANT BLOCK GRANTS BUFFER STOCKS CAPACITY BUILDING CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFERS CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CENTRAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE CHILD HEALTH CHILD PROTECTION CHRONIC ILLNESS CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL WORKS CLEAN WATER COMMUNITY HEALTH CONDITIONAL CASH CONFLICT CONSTRUCTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE COST EFFECTIVENESS DATA COLLECTION DECISION-MAKING DISABILITY INSURANCE DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS DONOR FUNDING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC SHOCK EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENERGY SUBSIDIES EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURES EXTENDED FAMILIES EXTENDED FUND FACILITY FAMILY PLANNING FAMILY SUPPORT FEE WAIVERS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FISCAL BALANCE FISCAL CONTROL FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION FISCAL POLICIES FOOD IMPORTS FOOD MARKETS FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FOOD PROGRAM FOOD QUALITY FOOD SECURITY FOOD SUBSIDIES FOOD SUPPLEMENT FORMAL EMPLOYMENT GOVERNMENT BUDGETS GOVERNMENT CAPACITY GRANT FUNDS GRANTS TO SCHOOLS HEALTH ASSISTANCE HEALTH CARD HEALTH CARDS HEALTH CARE HEALTH CENTER HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH TARGETS HEIGHT FOR AGE HOUSEHOLD ELIGIBILITY HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT HUMAN RESOURCES HUMAN RIGHTS HUMANITARIAN RELIEF IMMUNIZATION INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL CREDIT INSTITUTIONALIZATION INSURANCE SYSTEMS INTEREST RATE LAWS LIFE INSURANCE MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MALNUTRITION MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MEANS TESTING MEDICAL CARE MEDIUM-TERM DEVELOPMENT MIGRATION MINIMUM WAGE MINISTRY OF DEFENSE MINISTRY OF FINANCE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NATURAL DISASTER NATURAL DISASTERS NEAR POOR NUTRITION PROGRAMS NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS OPERATING EXPENSES OPERATIONAL COSTS PENSION PERFORMANCE REPORTS POOR POOR COMMUNITIES POOR FAMILIES POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY ALLEVIATION EFFORTS POVERTY GAP POVERTY HEADCOUNT RATE POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPERS PREGNANT WOMEN PREVENTIVE HEALTH PRICE INDEX PRICE SUBSIDIES PRIMARY SCHOOLS PROGRAM FINANCING PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES PUBLIC PROVIDERS PUBLIC WORKS PURCHASING POWER REFORM PLAN REFORM PROGRAM REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION REGIONAL GOVERNMENT REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS RETIREMENT BENEFITS RICE SUBSIDY RISK COPING RISK MANAGEMENT RISK MITIGATION RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL DISTRICTS RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM RURAL POPULATION SAFETY NET PROGRAMS SANITATION SAVINGS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FEEDING SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL OPERATION SCHOOL QUALITY SECONDARY SCHOOLS SECTORAL PLANS SERVICE PROVIDERS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAMS SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL REHABILITATION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAMS SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIALIZATION SSN SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TARGETING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT TRANSIENT POOR UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS WAR WATER SUPPLY WELFARE PROGRAMS WORKERS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/02/16955572/history-evolution-social-assistance-indonesia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12259

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Summary:	Over the past 13 years, the Government of Indonesia (GOI) has moved from a set of temporary, crisis-driven social assistance initiatives towards a more permanent system of social assistance programs. This background paper aims to provide a brief history of the major developments in the GOI's household-targeted social assistance policy and programs with more limited discussion of supply-side and community social assistance initiatives. The note is organized chronologically with developments in social assistance presented together with information about the economic, political and social contexts in which these developments occurred. Indonesia's economic growth was also associated with substantial declines in the poverty, especially among rural households. The poverty headcount fell from 54.2 million to 34.5 million Indonesians and poverty incidence fell from 41.1 to 17.7 percent. While poverty reduction was not a policy objective in GOI documents until the early 1990s, the GOI's agricultural and rural development strategies and commitment to human capital investment through financing and provision of education and health services also contributed to poverty reduction. Furthermore, the GOI intervened in staple foods markets for the purpose of reducing domestic price volatility and increasing food security. During this era, when individuals or families employed in the informal sector required in-kind or financial assistance, they sought it from extended families, communities, or informal credit markets.

History and Evolution of Social Assistance in Indonesia

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