Metabolite profiling of Aquilaria malaccensis leaf extract using liquid chromatography-Q-TOF-mass spectrometry and investigation of its potential antilipoxygenase activity in vitro.
The Aquilaria malaccensis species of the genus Aquilaria is an abundant source of agarwood resin and many bioactive phytochemicals. Recent data regarding the chemical constituents and biological activities of Aquilaria leaves led us to attempt to qualitatively profile the metabolites of Aquilaria...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/78529/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/78529/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/78529/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/78529/1/Paper_Manar%20et%20al%202020%20%28Processes%29.pdf |
| Summary: | The Aquilaria malaccensis species of the genus Aquilaria is an abundant source of agarwood
resin and many bioactive phytochemicals. Recent data regarding the chemical constituents and
biological activities of Aquilaria leaves led us to attempt to qualitatively profile the metabolites of
Aquilaria malaccensis leaves from a healthy, noninoculated tree through phytochemical screening,
GC‐MS, and LC/Q‐TOF‐MS. The present work is also the first to report the antilipoxygenase activity
of A. malaccensis leaves from healthy noninoculated tree and investigate its toxicity on oral mucosal
cells. A total of 53 compounds were tentatively identified in the extract, some of which have been
described in literature as exhibiting anti‐inflammatory activity. A number of novel compounds were
identified for the first time, including quercetin, quercetin‐O‐hexoside, kaempferol‐O‐
dirhamnoside, isorhamnetin‐O‐hexoside, syringetin‐O‐hexoside, myricetin,
tetrahydroxyflavanone, hesperetin, sissotrin, and lupeol. The antilipoxygenase assay was used to
determine the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory potential of the extract, while a WST‐1 assay was
conducted to investigate the effect of the extract on oral epithelial cells (OEC). The extract implied
moderate anti‐LOX activity with IC50 value of 71.6 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the cell viability of OEC
ranged between 92.55% (10 μg/mL)–76.06% ± (100 μg/mL) upon treatment, indicating some
potential toxicity risks. The results attained encourage future studies of the isolation of bioactive
compounds from Aquilaria malaccensis leaves, as well as further investigation on the anti‐
inflammatory mechanisms and toxicity associated with their use. |
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