Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection

Background: Early detection of breast cancer is essential in improving overall women’s health. The researchers sought to develop a comprehensive measure that combined the basic components of the health belief model (HBM) with a focus on breast self-examination (BSE) and screening mammogram amongst...

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Main Authors:	Che Mohamed, Norfariha, Moey, Soo Foon, Lim, Bee Chiu
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention 2019
Subjects:	H61 Theory. Method HA154 Statistical data HA29 Theory and method of social science statistics
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/7/75067%20Validity%20and%20Reliability%20of%20Health%20Belief.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/8/75067%20Validity%20and%20Reliability%20of%20Health%20Belief%20SCOPUS.pdf

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recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-750672019-10-30T08:06:49Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/ Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection Che Mohamed, Norfariha Moey, Soo Foon Lim, Bee Chiu H61 Theory. Method HA154 Statistical data HA29 Theory and method of social science statistics Background: Early detection of breast cancer is essential in improving overall women’s health. The researchers sought to develop a comprehensive measure that combined the basic components of the health belief model (HBM) with a focus on breast self-examination (BSE) and screening mammogram amongst women. Methods: Questionnaire items were developed following a review of the relevant literature of HBM on BSE and screening mammogram. The sampling frame for the study was Malaysian women aged 35 to 70 years old, living in Kuantan, Pahang and able to read or write in Bahasa Malaysia or English. As such, 103 women were randomly selected to participate in the study. Tests of validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability were subsequently performed to determine the psychometric properties of the questionnaire. Results: The EFA revealed nine factors (self-efficacy of mammogram, perceived barriers of BSE and mammogram, perceived susceptibility of breast cancer, perceived severity of breast cancer, cues to action for mammogram screening, perceived benefits of BSE, health motivation, perceived benefits of mammogram and self-efficacy of BSE) containing 54 items that jointly accounted for 74.2% of the observed variance. All nine factors have good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha ≥ 0.8. Fifty-four items remained in the final questionnaire after deleting 13 problematic items. The scale also showed good convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: The findings showed that the designed questionnaire was a valid and reliable instrument for the study involving women in Kuantan, Pahang. The instrument can help to assess women’s beliefs on BSE adoption and mammogram screening in health care practice and research. Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention 2019-09 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/7/75067%20Validity%20and%20Reliability%20of%20Health%20Belief.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/8/75067%20Validity%20and%20Reliability%20of%20Health%20Belief%20SCOPUS.pdf Che Mohamed, Norfariha and Moey, Soo Foon and Lim, Bee Chiu (2019) Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection. Asian Pacific Journal for Cancer Prevention, 20 (9). pp. 2865-2873. ISSN 1513-7368 E-ISSN 2476-762X http://journal.waocp.org/article_88749_6ea64228e24477de8e268e97c93d7d4c.pdf 10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.9.2865
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	H61 Theory. Method HA154 Statistical data HA29 Theory and method of social science statistics
spellingShingle	H61 Theory. Method HA154 Statistical data HA29 Theory and method of social science statistics Che Mohamed, Norfariha Moey, Soo Foon Lim, Bee Chiu Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection
description	Background: Early detection of breast cancer is essential in improving overall women’s health. The researchers sought to develop a comprehensive measure that combined the basic components of the health belief model (HBM) with a focus on breast self-examination (BSE) and screening mammogram amongst women. Methods: Questionnaire items were developed following a review of the relevant literature of HBM on BSE and screening mammogram. The sampling frame for the study was Malaysian women aged 35 to 70 years old, living in Kuantan, Pahang and able to read or write in Bahasa Malaysia or English. As such, 103 women were randomly selected to participate in the study. Tests of validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability were subsequently performed to determine the psychometric properties of the questionnaire. Results: The EFA revealed nine factors (self-efficacy of mammogram, perceived barriers of BSE and mammogram, perceived susceptibility of breast cancer, perceived severity of breast cancer, cues to action for mammogram screening, perceived benefits of BSE, health motivation, perceived benefits of mammogram and self-efficacy of BSE) containing 54 items that jointly accounted for 74.2% of the observed variance. All nine factors have good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha ≥ 0.8. Fifty-four items remained in the final questionnaire after deleting 13 problematic items. The scale also showed good convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: The findings showed that the designed questionnaire was a valid and reliable instrument for the study involving women in Kuantan, Pahang. The instrument can help to assess women’s beliefs on BSE adoption and mammogram screening in health care practice and research.
format	Article
author	Che Mohamed, Norfariha Moey, Soo Foon Lim, Bee Chiu
author_facet	Che Mohamed, Norfariha Moey, Soo Foon Lim, Bee Chiu
author_sort	Che Mohamed, Norfariha
title	Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection
title_short	Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection
title_full	Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection
title_fullStr	Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection
title_full_unstemmed	Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection
title_sort	validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection
publisher	Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention
publishDate	2019
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/7/75067%20Validity%20and%20Reliability%20of%20Health%20Belief.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/75067/8/75067%20Validity%20and%20Reliability%20of%20Health%20Belief%20SCOPUS.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:46:14Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:46:14Z
_version_	1777413468476932096

Validity and reliability of health belief model questionnaire for promoting breast self-examination and screening mammogram for early cancer detection

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