Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques

This study investigates the spatial water quality pattern of seven stations located along the main Langat River. Environmetric methods, namely, the hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA), the discriminant analysis (DA), the principal component analysis (PCA), and the factor analysis (FA)...

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Main Author:	Abu Samah, Mohd Armi
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Springer Netherlands 2011
Subjects:	GE Environmental Sciences
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/74200/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/74200/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/74200/1/Juahir2011_Article_SpatialWaterQualityAssessmentO.pdf

id	iium-74200
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-742002019-09-04T06:11:37Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/74200/ Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques Abu Samah, Mohd Armi GE Environmental Sciences This study investigates the spatial water quality pattern of seven stations located along the main Langat River. Environmetric methods, namely, the hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA), the discriminant analysis (DA), the principal component analysis (PCA), and the factor analysis (FA), were used to study the spatial variations of the most significant water quality variables and to determine the origin of pollution sources. Twenty-three water quality parameters were initially selected and analyzed. Three spatial clusters were formed based on HACA. These clusters are designated as downstream of Langat river, middle stream of Langat river, and upstream of Langat River regions. Forward and backward stepwise DA managed to discriminate six and seven water quality variables, respectively, from the original 23 variables. PCA and FA (varimax functionality) were used to investigate the origin of each water quality variable due to land use activities based on the three clustered regions. Seven principal components (PCs) were obtained with 81% total variation for the high-pollution source (HPS) region, while six PCs with 71% and 79% total variances were obtained for the moderate-pollution source (MPS) and low-pollution source (LPS) regions, respectively. The pollution sources for the HPS and MPS are of anthropogenic sources (industrial, municipal waste, and agricultural runoff). For the LPS region, the domestic and agricultural runoffs are the main sources of pollution. From this study, we can conclude that the application of environmetric methods can reveal meaningful information on the spatial variability of a large and complex river water quality data. Springer Netherlands 2011 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/74200/1/Juahir2011_Article_SpatialWaterQualityAssessmentO.pdf Abu Samah, Mohd Armi (2011) Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 173 (1-4). pp. 625-641. ISSN 1573-2959 https://link.springer.com
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	GE Environmental Sciences
spellingShingle	GE Environmental Sciences Abu Samah, Mohd Armi Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques
description	This study investigates the spatial water quality pattern of seven stations located along the main Langat River. Environmetric methods, namely, the hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA), the discriminant analysis (DA), the principal component analysis (PCA), and the factor analysis (FA), were used to study the spatial variations of the most significant water quality variables and to determine the origin of pollution sources. Twenty-three water quality parameters were initially selected and analyzed. Three spatial clusters were formed based on HACA. These clusters are designated as downstream of Langat river, middle stream of Langat river, and upstream of Langat River regions. Forward and backward stepwise DA managed to discriminate six and seven water quality variables, respectively, from the original 23 variables. PCA and FA (varimax functionality) were used to investigate the origin of each water quality variable due to land use activities based on the three clustered regions. Seven principal components (PCs) were obtained with 81% total variation for the high-pollution source (HPS) region, while six PCs with 71% and 79% total variances were obtained for the moderate-pollution source (MPS) and low-pollution source (LPS) regions, respectively. The pollution sources for the HPS and MPS are of anthropogenic sources (industrial, municipal waste, and agricultural runoff). For the LPS region, the domestic and agricultural runoffs are the main sources of pollution. From this study, we can conclude that the application of environmetric methods can reveal meaningful information on the spatial variability of a large and complex river water quality data.
format	Article
author	Abu Samah, Mohd Armi
author_facet	Abu Samah, Mohd Armi
author_sort	Abu Samah, Mohd Armi
title	Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques
title_short	Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques
title_full	Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques
title_fullStr	Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques
title_full_unstemmed	Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques
title_sort	spatial water quality assessment of langat river basin (malaysia) using environmetric techniques
publisher	Springer Netherlands
publishDate	2011
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/74200/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/74200/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/74200/1/Juahir2011_Article_SpatialWaterQualityAssessmentO.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:45:07Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:45:07Z
_version_	1777413398108045312

Spatial water quality assessment of Langat River Basin (Malaysia) using environmetric techniques

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