Natural deep eutectic solvent-assisted pectin extraction from pomelo peel using sonoreactor: experimental optimization approach
: Background: Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) can be used for extracting a wide range of biomaterials, such as pectin. This study introduces a new generation of natural solvents for pectin extraction which could replace the conventional solvents in the food industry. Methods: In this stud...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
MDPI
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/73049/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/73049/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/73049/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/73049/9/73049%20Natural%20Deep%20Eutectic.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/73049/15/73049_Natural%20deep%20eutectic%20solvent-assisted%20pectin_SCOPUS.pdf |
| Summary: | : Background: Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) can be used for extracting a wide
range of biomaterials, such as pectin. This study introduces a new generation of natural solvents
for pectin extraction which could replace the conventional solvents in the food industry. Methods:
In this study, NADESs were used for pectin extraction from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck)
peels using a sonoreactor. Definitive screening design (DSD) was used to screen the influence of
time, temperature, solid/liquid ratio, and NADES/water ratio on the pectin yield and degree of
esterification (DE). Results: The primary screening revealed that the best choices for the extraction
were choline chloride–malonic acid (ChCl-Mal) and choline chloride–glucose–water (ChCl:Glc:W).
Both co-solvents yielded 94% pectin and 52% DE after optimization at 80 ◦C, with 60 min of sonication,
pH < 3.0, and a NADES-to-water ratio of 1:4.5 (v/v). Morphological screening showed a smooth
and compact surface of the pectin from ChCl-Mal where glucose-based pectin had a rough surface
and lower DE. Conclusions: NADESs proved to be promising co-solvents for pectin extraction with
a high degree of esterification (>55%). |
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