Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare

Quantitative research methods give emphasis to numerical analysis of data collected through questionnaire instrument, which has to be structured for organized surveys. In specific, one of the key validity and reliability issues with quantitative questionnaires is whether the researcher is actually...

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Main Authors:	Ali Solangi, Zulfiqar, Sheikh Abdul Aziz, Madihah, Hamzah, Mohd Syarqawy, Shah, Asadullah
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Science International 2017
Subjects:	T Technology (General)
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/71061/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/71061/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/71061/1/Reliability%20and%20Validity%20of%20a%20Questionnaire%20for%20Emperical%20Analysis%20of%20Factors%20influencing%20IoT%20based%20smart%20healthcare.pdf

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spelling	iium-710612019-07-12T04:03:48Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/71061/ Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare Ali Solangi, Zulfiqar Sheikh Abdul Aziz, Madihah Hamzah, Mohd Syarqawy Shah, Asadullah T Technology (General) Quantitative research methods give emphasis to numerical analysis of data collected through questionnaire instrument, which has to be structured for organized surveys. In specific, one of the key validity and reliability issues with quantitative questionnaires is whether the researcher is actually measuring what he/she hopes to assess. Alternatively, then again put another way, are the respondents considering similar things the specialist is the pointing at which they answer the inquiries. Enquiring how the respondents react to draft set of questions will help the researcher interpret whether or not those questions will serve his/her purposes. Validity and reliability are twofold of the most important characteristics of a good research instrument. However, the point of the investigation ponder was to create and survey the validity and reliability of an instrument to empirically analyze the factors influencing IoT-based smart healthcare adoption in Pakistan. In order to understand technological and clinical context the proposed research model of this study was a synthesis of Health Belief Model (HBM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), along with trust and doctor-patient relation external factors were adopted from qualitative literature to measure individual and patients’ perspective about IoT-based smart healthcare system. The researcher employed principal component analysis method with varimax rotation technique to get the total variance explained and analyze the discriminating validity of the constructs used in this research study. Cronbach’s α coefficient reliability statistical technique was appliedto measure the internal consistency of each factor in this research study. All constructs were observed with average variance extracted (AVE) above cutoff value 0.5 and construct reliability (CR) above 0.7 estimates validating all the constructs. The most of the factors loaded in a significant range of 0.60 to 0.98 with no cross-loading scores proved excellent discriminant validity. Likewise, all factors average reliability calculated 0.822 score-using Cronbach’s α coefficient. The study conducted the results of validity and reliability of the incorporated model constructed instrument for empirical analysis of factors influencing the IoT-based smart healthcare adoption. The findings showed the questionnaire was feasible with high reliability and validity Science International 2017-11 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/71061/1/Reliability%20and%20Validity%20of%20a%20Questionnaire%20for%20Emperical%20Analysis%20of%20Factors%20influencing%20IoT%20based%20smart%20healthcare.pdf Ali Solangi, Zulfiqar and Sheikh Abdul Aziz, Madihah and Hamzah, Mohd Syarqawy and Shah, Asadullah (2017) Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare. Science International, 29 (6 Section B (November-December)). pp. 1201-1206. ISSN 1013-5316 http://www.sci-int.com/pdf/636491913639710334.pdf
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	T Technology (General)
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) Ali Solangi, Zulfiqar Sheikh Abdul Aziz, Madihah Hamzah, Mohd Syarqawy Shah, Asadullah Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare
description	Quantitative research methods give emphasis to numerical analysis of data collected through questionnaire instrument, which has to be structured for organized surveys. In specific, one of the key validity and reliability issues with quantitative questionnaires is whether the researcher is actually measuring what he/she hopes to assess. Alternatively, then again put another way, are the respondents considering similar things the specialist is the pointing at which they answer the inquiries. Enquiring how the respondents react to draft set of questions will help the researcher interpret whether or not those questions will serve his/her purposes. Validity and reliability are twofold of the most important characteristics of a good research instrument. However, the point of the investigation ponder was to create and survey the validity and reliability of an instrument to empirically analyze the factors influencing IoT-based smart healthcare adoption in Pakistan. In order to understand technological and clinical context the proposed research model of this study was a synthesis of Health Belief Model (HBM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), along with trust and doctor-patient relation external factors were adopted from qualitative literature to measure individual and patients’ perspective about IoT-based smart healthcare system. The researcher employed principal component analysis method with varimax rotation technique to get the total variance explained and analyze the discriminating validity of the constructs used in this research study. Cronbach’s α coefficient reliability statistical technique was appliedto measure the internal consistency of each factor in this research study. All constructs were observed with average variance extracted (AVE) above cutoff value 0.5 and construct reliability (CR) above 0.7 estimates validating all the constructs. The most of the factors loaded in a significant range of 0.60 to 0.98 with no cross-loading scores proved excellent discriminant validity. Likewise, all factors average reliability calculated 0.822 score-using Cronbach’s α coefficient. The study conducted the results of validity and reliability of the incorporated model constructed instrument for empirical analysis of factors influencing the IoT-based smart healthcare adoption. The findings showed the questionnaire was feasible with high reliability and validity
format	Article
author	Ali Solangi, Zulfiqar Sheikh Abdul Aziz, Madihah Hamzah, Mohd Syarqawy Shah, Asadullah
author_facet	Ali Solangi, Zulfiqar Sheikh Abdul Aziz, Madihah Hamzah, Mohd Syarqawy Shah, Asadullah
author_sort	Ali Solangi, Zulfiqar
title	Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare
title_short	Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare
title_full	Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare
title_fullStr	Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare
title_full_unstemmed	Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare
title_sort	reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing iot-based smart healthcare
publisher	Science International
publishDate	2017
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/71061/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/71061/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/71061/1/Reliability%20and%20Validity%20of%20a%20Questionnaire%20for%20Emperical%20Analysis%20of%20Factors%20influencing%20IoT%20based%20smart%20healthcare.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:40:51Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:40:51Z
_version_	1777413129838264320

Reliability and validity of a questionnaire for empirical analysis of factors influencing IOT-based smart healthcare

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