Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab

Increasing utilization of living animals in ecological and biomedical research has drawn serious concerns in terms of animal welfare and ethical practices in animal handling. Significant attention has been given to animals of higher taxonomical hierarchy especially vertebrates such as fishes, rode...

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Main Authors:	John, Akbar, Sheikh Mohamed, Hassan Ibrahim, Ahmed Shogar, Ibrahim Adam, Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi, Yunus, Kamaruzzaman, Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal, Razali, Ailin
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia 2018
Subjects:	QL Zoology
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/1/68943_Ethical%20issues%20on%20using%20invertebrates.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/7/68943_Ethical%20issues%20on%20using%20invertebrates%20in%20environmental%20and%20biomedical%20practices_scopus.pdf

id	iium-68943
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-689432019-07-10T06:50:58Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/ Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab John, Akbar Sheikh Mohamed, Hassan Ibrahim Ahmed Shogar, Ibrahim Adam Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal Razali, Ailin QL Zoology Increasing utilization of living animals in ecological and biomedical research has drawn serious concerns in terms of animal welfare and ethical practices in animal handling. Significant attention has been given to animals of higher taxonomical hierarchy especially vertebrates such as fishes, rodents, reptiles and mammals, while ethical framework on invertebrate handling and welfare is less addressed (except for cephalopods). The definition of ‘Animal’ itself by any international consortia or Animal Research Act (ARA) does not include invertebrates as an animal entity. This is due to the lack of standard ethical framework to understand the pain and other physiological stress experienced by the invertebrate test animal. One such example would be the living fossil ‘horseshoe crab’ which is extensively bled to obtain its blue blood that is used for endotoxin quantification in biological samples. The biomedical bleeding itself leads to 15-30% post bleeding mortality of crabs, while pain and stress caused by the bleeding practice is not studied. Hence, this paper discusses the technicality of establishing standard framework for invertebrate handling. The paper also highlights the shari’ah (Islamic law) principles on scientific experimentations on animal subjects, particularly the norms related to the adoption of invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practice. Comprehensive review of ethical regulations in animal experiments, especially invertebrates, would be beneficial for revising and improving existing animal ethical practices Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia 2018-10-18 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/1/68943_Ethical%20issues%20on%20using%20invertebrates.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/7/68943_Ethical%20issues%20on%20using%20invertebrates%20in%20environmental%20and%20biomedical%20practices_scopus.pdf John, Akbar and Sheikh Mohamed, Hassan Ibrahim and Ahmed Shogar, Ibrahim Adam and Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi and Yunus, Kamaruzzaman and Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal and Razali, Ailin (2018) Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab. International Medical Journal Malaysia, 17 (Special Issue 2). pp. 281-285. E-ISSN 1823-4631 http://iiumedic.net/imjm/v1/download/volume_17_special_issue_2/ISSUES-2-281.pdf
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	QL Zoology
spellingShingle	QL Zoology John, Akbar Sheikh Mohamed, Hassan Ibrahim Ahmed Shogar, Ibrahim Adam Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal Razali, Ailin Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab
description	Increasing utilization of living animals in ecological and biomedical research has drawn serious concerns in terms of animal welfare and ethical practices in animal handling. Significant attention has been given to animals of higher taxonomical hierarchy especially vertebrates such as fishes, rodents, reptiles and mammals, while ethical framework on invertebrate handling and welfare is less addressed (except for cephalopods). The definition of ‘Animal’ itself by any international consortia or Animal Research Act (ARA) does not include invertebrates as an animal entity. This is due to the lack of standard ethical framework to understand the pain and other physiological stress experienced by the invertebrate test animal. One such example would be the living fossil ‘horseshoe crab’ which is extensively bled to obtain its blue blood that is used for endotoxin quantification in biological samples. The biomedical bleeding itself leads to 15-30% post bleeding mortality of crabs, while pain and stress caused by the bleeding practice is not studied. Hence, this paper discusses the technicality of establishing standard framework for invertebrate handling. The paper also highlights the shari’ah (Islamic law) principles on scientific experimentations on animal subjects, particularly the norms related to the adoption of invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practice. Comprehensive review of ethical regulations in animal experiments, especially invertebrates, would be beneficial for revising and improving existing animal ethical practices
format	Article
author	John, Akbar Sheikh Mohamed, Hassan Ibrahim Ahmed Shogar, Ibrahim Adam Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal Razali, Ailin
author_facet	John, Akbar Sheikh Mohamed, Hassan Ibrahim Ahmed Shogar, Ibrahim Adam Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal Razali, Ailin
author_sort	John, Akbar
title	Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab
title_short	Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab
title_full	Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab
title_fullStr	Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab
title_full_unstemmed	Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab
title_sort	ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab
publisher	Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia
publishDate	2018
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/1/68943_Ethical%20issues%20on%20using%20invertebrates.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/68943/7/68943_Ethical%20issues%20on%20using%20invertebrates%20in%20environmental%20and%20biomedical%20practices_scopus.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:37:50Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:37:50Z
_version_	1777412940488507392

Ethical issues on using invertebrates in environmental and biomedical practices – a case study on living fossil horseshoe crab

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