Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds

Currently, the long-term consumption of aspirin and non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as anti-inflammatory medicines and pain relievers, have been reported to cause various side effects. Thus, natural compounds of several plant species including Aquilaria malaccensis have be...

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Main Authors:	Eissa, Manar, Hashim, Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun, Zainurin, Nur Aimi Aliah
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development (INSIGHT) 2018
Subjects:	Q Science (General) TP248.13 Biotechnology
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/1/68037_Aquilaria%20malaccensis%20Leaf%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Source.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/2/68037_Aquilaria%20malaccensis%20Leaf%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Source_SCOPUS.pdf

id	iium-68037
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-680372018-12-31T13:17:13Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/ Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds Eissa, Manar Hashim, Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Zainurin, Nur Aimi Aliah Q Science (General) TP248.13 Biotechnology Currently, the long-term consumption of aspirin and non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as anti-inflammatory medicines and pain relievers, have been reported to cause various side effects. Thus, natural compounds of several plant species including Aquilaria malaccensis have been explored as an alternative therapeutic source for inflammation treatment with regard to their safety and efficacy. Despite the accelerating rate on the research of agarwood leaf, the scientific evidences to elucidate the proclaimed pharmacological activities particularly anti-inflammatory activity are still limited. Therefore, it is the interest of this study to investigate the biological activity relating to the anti-inflammatory activity of A. malaccensis leaf extracted using Soxhlet and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) methods. Results showed that A. malaccensis leaf ethanolic soxhlet extract (ALEXB) gave higher yield (mg/g) of 98.33 ± 4.11 (9.83% wt/wt) as compared to soxhlet extract using hexane (ALEXA); 24.04 ± 5.27 (2.40% wt/wt) after 6 hours of extraction. Meanwhile, the supercritical fluid extract (SFEX) gave a relatively low yield of 12.57 ± 0.61 (1.26% wt/wt). The GCMS analysis revealed that 25, 30 and 16 compounds were detected in ALEXA, ALEXB and SFEX respectively with phytol as the major compound in the soxhlet extracts and n-hexadecanoic as a major compound in SFEX. Subsequently, in-vitro study showed that the extracts demonstrated inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation in a concentration-dependent manner throughout a concentration range of 400-16000 µg/ml tested. Exclusively, the GCMS of leaf SFEX showed a peak of 1H-Cycloprop[e]azulene, decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene (0.4205%), a tricyclic sesquiterpene that was testified to have potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Further research is warranted to explore the anti-inflammatory activities of A. malaccensis leaf extracts and their mechanism of action as an alternative halal ingredient for nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development (INSIGHT) 2018 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/1/68037_Aquilaria%20malaccensis%20Leaf%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Source.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/2/68037_Aquilaria%20malaccensis%20Leaf%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Source_SCOPUS.pdf Eissa, Manar and Hashim, Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun and Zainurin, Nur Aimi Aliah (2018) Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering and Information Technology, 8 (4-2). pp. 1625-1632. E-ISSN 2088-5334 http://insightsociety.org/ojaseit/index.php/ijaseit/article/view/7054/pdf_841 10.18517/ijaseit.8.4-2.7054
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	Q Science (General) TP248.13 Biotechnology
spellingShingle	Q Science (General) TP248.13 Biotechnology Eissa, Manar Hashim, Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Zainurin, Nur Aimi Aliah Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds
description	Currently, the long-term consumption of aspirin and non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as anti-inflammatory medicines and pain relievers, have been reported to cause various side effects. Thus, natural compounds of several plant species including Aquilaria malaccensis have been explored as an alternative therapeutic source for inflammation treatment with regard to their safety and efficacy. Despite the accelerating rate on the research of agarwood leaf, the scientific evidences to elucidate the proclaimed pharmacological activities particularly anti-inflammatory activity are still limited. Therefore, it is the interest of this study to investigate the biological activity relating to the anti-inflammatory activity of A. malaccensis leaf extracted using Soxhlet and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) methods. Results showed that A. malaccensis leaf ethanolic soxhlet extract (ALEXB) gave higher yield (mg/g) of 98.33 ± 4.11 (9.83% wt/wt) as compared to soxhlet extract using hexane (ALEXA); 24.04 ± 5.27 (2.40% wt/wt) after 6 hours of extraction. Meanwhile, the supercritical fluid extract (SFEX) gave a relatively low yield of 12.57 ± 0.61 (1.26% wt/wt). The GCMS analysis revealed that 25, 30 and 16 compounds were detected in ALEXA, ALEXB and SFEX respectively with phytol as the major compound in the soxhlet extracts and n-hexadecanoic as a major compound in SFEX. Subsequently, in-vitro study showed that the extracts demonstrated inhibition of protein (albumin) denaturation in a concentration-dependent manner throughout a concentration range of 400-16000 µg/ml tested. Exclusively, the GCMS of leaf SFEX showed a peak of 1H-Cycloprop[e]azulene, decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene (0.4205%), a tricyclic sesquiterpene that was testified to have potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Further research is warranted to explore the anti-inflammatory activities of A. malaccensis leaf extracts and their mechanism of action as an alternative halal ingredient for nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
format	Article
author	Eissa, Manar Hashim, Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Zainurin, Nur Aimi Aliah
author_facet	Eissa, Manar Hashim, Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Zainurin, Nur Aimi Aliah
author_sort	Eissa, Manar
title	Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds
title_short	Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds
title_full	Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds
title_fullStr	Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds
title_full_unstemmed	Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds
title_sort	aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds
publisher	Indonesian Society for Knowledge and Human Development (INSIGHT)
publishDate	2018
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/1/68037_Aquilaria%20malaccensis%20Leaf%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Source.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/68037/2/68037_Aquilaria%20malaccensis%20Leaf%20as%20an%20Alternative%20Source_SCOPUS.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:36:35Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:36:35Z
_version_	1777412861721575424

Aquilaria malaccensis leaf as an alternative source of anti-inflammatory compounds

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