Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review

Background: Electromagnetic field (EMF) spectrum ranges from extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) to ultra-high frequency EMF. Increasing use of wireless telecommunication may pose a risk of cancer development due to prolonged EMF exposure. Due to inconclusive evidence from litera...

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Main Authors:	Mohammad Aidid, Edre, Abdul Rahman, Hejar, Ahmad Fuad, Ahmad Farhan
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Community Health Society Malaysia (CHSM) 2016
Subjects:	RA Public aspects of medicine
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/58736/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/58736/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/58736/1/Dr%20Edre_2016_Risk%20Cancer%20EMF_IJPHCS.pdf

id	iium-58736
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-587362017-10-12T06:48:54Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/58736/ Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review Mohammad Aidid, Edre Abdul Rahman, Hejar Ahmad Fuad, Ahmad Farhan RA Public aspects of medicine Background: Electromagnetic field (EMF) spectrum ranges from extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) to ultra-high frequency EMF. Increasing use of wireless telecommunication may pose a risk of cancer development due to prolonged EMF exposure. Due to inconclusive evidence from literature, a scoping systematic review was done to determine evidences to support EMF as a determinant of cancer, as well as the type of EMF is implicated in cancer and the type of cancer involved in association with EMF. Materials and Methods: Full-text articles on Cohort studies and/or randomized controlled trials published from 1st January 2010 to 8th June 2016 were searched using Proquest and other sources. People of all age group and EMF were the type of participant and exposure used for the search strategy, respectively. Data collection was done by 1 reviewer and checked by 2 reviewers for discrepancies. All the papers were critically appraised using the STROBE statement. Qualitative synthesis was done by descriptive comparison, risk of bias comparison and effect of exposure comparison. Result: 5 out of 29 articles met the eligibility criteria and were selected. Three articles showed low risk of bias due to low confounding bias. Another two articles had unclear risk of bias due to either information bias or using secondary data of uncertain quality. There were 2 high quality, 1 moderate quality and 2 low quality evidences using GRADE. Children under the age of 16 years with medium to ultra-high EMF exposure levels had approximately 0.7 times the rate of all cancer incidence compared to those with low exposure levels. Incidence rate of follicular lymphoma in males who were exposed to ELF-EMF was 300% higher at any given time point studied than the rate in those who were unexposed. Conclusion: Exposure to medium to ultra-high EMF wavelength lowers the rate of progression of cancer development, due to shorter duration of exposure. Cancer development is only shown to be related to EMF exposure from ELF-EMF but not for shorter-wavelength EMFs, and this is due to longer exposure duration. Due to small number of studies obtained from this scoping systematic review, results from this review should be interpreted with caution. Community Health Society Malaysia (CHSM) 2016-09 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/58736/1/Dr%20Edre_2016_Risk%20Cancer%20EMF_IJPHCS.pdf Mohammad Aidid, Edre and Abdul Rahman, Hejar and Ahmad Fuad, Ahmad Farhan (2016) Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review. International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences (IJPHCS), 3 (5 (September/October)). pp. 1-10. E-ISSN 2289-7577 http://publichealthmy.org/ejournal/ojs2/index.php/ijphcs/article/view/345/281
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	RA Public aspects of medicine
spellingShingle	RA Public aspects of medicine Mohammad Aidid, Edre Abdul Rahman, Hejar Ahmad Fuad, Ahmad Farhan Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review
description	Background: Electromagnetic field (EMF) spectrum ranges from extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) to ultra-high frequency EMF. Increasing use of wireless telecommunication may pose a risk of cancer development due to prolonged EMF exposure. Due to inconclusive evidence from literature, a scoping systematic review was done to determine evidences to support EMF as a determinant of cancer, as well as the type of EMF is implicated in cancer and the type of cancer involved in association with EMF. Materials and Methods: Full-text articles on Cohort studies and/or randomized controlled trials published from 1st January 2010 to 8th June 2016 were searched using Proquest and other sources. People of all age group and EMF were the type of participant and exposure used for the search strategy, respectively. Data collection was done by 1 reviewer and checked by 2 reviewers for discrepancies. All the papers were critically appraised using the STROBE statement. Qualitative synthesis was done by descriptive comparison, risk of bias comparison and effect of exposure comparison. Result: 5 out of 29 articles met the eligibility criteria and were selected. Three articles showed low risk of bias due to low confounding bias. Another two articles had unclear risk of bias due to either information bias or using secondary data of uncertain quality. There were 2 high quality, 1 moderate quality and 2 low quality evidences using GRADE. Children under the age of 16 years with medium to ultra-high EMF exposure levels had approximately 0.7 times the rate of all cancer incidence compared to those with low exposure levels. Incidence rate of follicular lymphoma in males who were exposed to ELF-EMF was 300% higher at any given time point studied than the rate in those who were unexposed. Conclusion: Exposure to medium to ultra-high EMF wavelength lowers the rate of progression of cancer development, due to shorter duration of exposure. Cancer development is only shown to be related to EMF exposure from ELF-EMF but not for shorter-wavelength EMFs, and this is due to longer exposure duration. Due to small number of studies obtained from this scoping systematic review, results from this review should be interpreted with caution.
format	Article
author	Mohammad Aidid, Edre Abdul Rahman, Hejar Ahmad Fuad, Ahmad Farhan
author_facet	Mohammad Aidid, Edre Abdul Rahman, Hejar Ahmad Fuad, Ahmad Farhan
author_sort	Mohammad Aidid, Edre
title	Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review
title_short	Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review
title_full	Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review
title_fullStr	Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review
title_full_unstemmed	Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review
title_sort	risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review
publisher	Community Health Society Malaysia (CHSM)
publishDate	2016
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/58736/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/58736/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/58736/1/Dr%20Edre_2016_Risk%20Cancer%20EMF_IJPHCS.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:23:05Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:23:05Z
_version_	1777412012371869696

Risk of cancer due to electromagnetic field exposure: a review

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