Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river

Halal food should be free from najs (filth). The Kuantan River is very important in term of recreation, ecology and fish supply. It has a wide variety of fishes, which is regularly marketed for human consumption. It receives a lot of untreated sewage waste, which may carry enormous level of enteric...

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Main Author:	Rahman, Mohammad Mustafizur
Format:	Monograph
Language:	English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/53478/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53478/2/END%20OF%20PROJECT%20REPORT%20FORM%20-%20MIRGS%20-IREP.pdf

id	iium-53478
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-534782017-02-13T10:37:14Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/53478/ Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river Rahman, Mohammad Mustafizur SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling Halal food should be free from najs (filth). The Kuantan River is very important in term of recreation, ecology and fish supply. It has a wide variety of fishes, which is regularly marketed for human consumption. It receives a lot of untreated sewage waste, which may carry enormous level of enteric bacteria. Therefore, a 12-month study was conducted to (i) investigate the occurrence of enteric bacteria (najs) contamination in water and fish and the variation of quality and quantity of enteric bacteria in water and fish in the Kuantan River, (ii) elucidate the relationship between water quality, and the quality and quantity of enteric bacteria in water and (iii) make recommendation based quality and quantity of enteric bacteria in water and fish. For the qualitative and quantitative estimation of bacterial load including enteric bacteria, 3 fish species namely chemparus (Cyclocheilichtys apogon), kawan (Labiobarbus festivus) and kerisi (Pristipomoides filamentosus) were collected by gill net from Kuantan River. Water and sediment samples were taken at 4 (four) zones: 5 km from the Kuantan River estuary insight sea, Kuantan River estuary, 5 km upstream from Kuantan River estuary and 10 km upstream of the Kuantan River estuary. Bacteria were cultured in both nutrient and marine agar plates. A molecular method (16S rRNA gene sequencing) was applied to identify all bacteria up to their genus/species level. Overall, chemparus (6.68×103 ± 0.74×103/g) had significantly higher (P<0.01) bacterial load compare to kawan (5.12×103 ± 0.60×103/g) and kerisi (5.20×103 ± 1.49×103/g). Bacterial load was significant higher (P<0.01) in gut than in gill and followed by skin of fishes. No serious pathogenic enteric bacteria were observed in fishes and therefore, fish are still safe for human consumption. Enteric bacteria were commonly observed in sediments and various layers of water column in all sampling zones. This gives evidence that Kuantan river water was contaminated with najs (filth). Mean bacterial load in water in Zone D was 5.8, 4 and 4.3 times higher than in Zone A, Zone B and Zone C, respectively. A significant negative relationship (r = - 0.742, P<0.01) was observed between salinity and bacterial load in the river water. Bacterial abundance in sediment in Zone D (8.38×106 ± 0.31×106/5g) was significant higher (P<0.01) than bacterial abundance in sediment in all other Zones (Zone A: 1.27×106 ± 0.31×106/5g, Zone B: 2.38×106 ± 0.61×106/5g and Zone C: 0.64×106 ± 0.35×106/5g). The mean dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentration was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the monsoon months compared to other months. The mean DIN concentration in water in the sampling Zone near the Kuantan city (2.24±1.48 mg/l) was significantly higher than the mean DIN concentration (0.20±0.14 mg/l) in the upstream zone. Waste from Kuantan city is significantly influencing the growth of enteric bacterial (in water and sediment) and the water quality of the Kuantan River. The result of the study can be used for the proper management of the Kuantan River. Careful waste management by the Kuantan city authority may reduce enteric bacterial load in water and sediment and concentration of inorganic nitrogen in the Kuantan river water. These will help in increasing fish production and save the biodiversity of the river. 2016-09 Monograph NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/53478/2/END%20OF%20PROJECT%20REPORT%20FORM%20-%20MIRGS%20-IREP.pdf Rahman, Mohammad Mustafizur (2016) Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river. Project Report. UNSPECIFIED. (Unpublished)
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
spellingShingle	SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling Rahman, Mohammad Mustafizur Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river
description	Halal food should be free from najs (filth). The Kuantan River is very important in term of recreation, ecology and fish supply. It has a wide variety of fishes, which is regularly marketed for human consumption. It receives a lot of untreated sewage waste, which may carry enormous level of enteric bacteria. Therefore, a 12-month study was conducted to (i) investigate the occurrence of enteric bacteria (najs) contamination in water and fish and the variation of quality and quantity of enteric bacteria in water and fish in the Kuantan River, (ii) elucidate the relationship between water quality, and the quality and quantity of enteric bacteria in water and (iii) make recommendation based quality and quantity of enteric bacteria in water and fish. For the qualitative and quantitative estimation of bacterial load including enteric bacteria, 3 fish species namely chemparus (Cyclocheilichtys apogon), kawan (Labiobarbus festivus) and kerisi (Pristipomoides filamentosus) were collected by gill net from Kuantan River. Water and sediment samples were taken at 4 (four) zones: 5 km from the Kuantan River estuary insight sea, Kuantan River estuary, 5 km upstream from Kuantan River estuary and 10 km upstream of the Kuantan River estuary. Bacteria were cultured in both nutrient and marine agar plates. A molecular method (16S rRNA gene sequencing) was applied to identify all bacteria up to their genus/species level. Overall, chemparus (6.68×103 ± 0.74×103/g) had significantly higher (P<0.01) bacterial load compare to kawan (5.12×103 ± 0.60×103/g) and kerisi (5.20×103 ± 1.49×103/g). Bacterial load was significant higher (P<0.01) in gut than in gill and followed by skin of fishes. No serious pathogenic enteric bacteria were observed in fishes and therefore, fish are still safe for human consumption. Enteric bacteria were commonly observed in sediments and various layers of water column in all sampling zones. This gives evidence that Kuantan river water was contaminated with najs (filth). Mean bacterial load in water in Zone D was 5.8, 4 and 4.3 times higher than in Zone A, Zone B and Zone C, respectively. A significant negative relationship (r = - 0.742, P<0.01) was observed between salinity and bacterial load in the river water. Bacterial abundance in sediment in Zone D (8.38×106 ± 0.31×106/5g) was significant higher (P<0.01) than bacterial abundance in sediment in all other Zones (Zone A: 1.27×106 ± 0.31×106/5g, Zone B: 2.38×106 ± 0.61×106/5g and Zone C: 0.64×106 ± 0.35×106/5g). The mean dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentration was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the monsoon months compared to other months. The mean DIN concentration in water in the sampling Zone near the Kuantan city (2.24±1.48 mg/l) was significantly higher than the mean DIN concentration (0.20±0.14 mg/l) in the upstream zone. Waste from Kuantan city is significantly influencing the growth of enteric bacterial (in water and sediment) and the water quality of the Kuantan River. The result of the study can be used for the proper management of the Kuantan River. Careful waste management by the Kuantan city authority may reduce enteric bacterial load in water and sediment and concentration of inorganic nitrogen in the Kuantan river water. These will help in increasing fish production and save the biodiversity of the river.
format	Monograph
author	Rahman, Mohammad Mustafizur
author_facet	Rahman, Mohammad Mustafizur
author_sort	Rahman, Mohammad Mustafizur
title	Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river
title_short	Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river
title_full	Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river
title_fullStr	Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river
title_full_unstemmed	Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river
title_sort	study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river
publishDate	2016
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/53478/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53478/2/END%20OF%20PROJECT%20REPORT%20FORM%20-%20MIRGS%20-IREP.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:15:38Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:15:38Z
_version_	1777411543764303872

Study on the contamination of najs mutawassitah in fish and water of the kuantan river

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