How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study

Background Generic medicines are introduced to the market after the expiry of the patented innovator medicine. Being usually sold at lower prices compared to branded medicines, they may provide a low-cost alternative for consumers. In Malaysia, where there is no Medicines Price Control Policy, it is...

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Main Authors:	Ahmad, Nor Amalina, Abd-Jabar, Nur-Hamizah, Awaluddin, Noor Hamizah, Kamaruddin, Nursyahirah, Mohd-Rasid, Nursyazwani, Elsayed, Tarek Mohamed Ali, Elkalmi, Ramadan Mohamed Mahmod, Hammad, Mohamed Anwar
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	SAGE Journals 2017
Subjects:	R Medicine (General) RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/1/JGM680390%20%28edit%29.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/7/How%20community%20pharmacists%20perceive%20generic_scopus.pdf

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recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-532872019-01-03T02:21:46Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/ How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study Ahmad, Nor Amalina Abd-Jabar, Nur-Hamizah Awaluddin, Noor Hamizah Kamaruddin, Nursyahirah Mohd-Rasid, Nursyazwani Elsayed, Tarek Mohamed Ali Elkalmi, Ramadan Mohamed Mahmod Hammad, Mohamed Anwar R Medicine (General) RS Pharmacy and materia medica Background Generic medicines are introduced to the market after the expiry of the patented innovator medicine. Being usually sold at lower prices compared to branded medicines, they may provide a low-cost alternative for consumers. In Malaysia, where there is no Medicines Price Control Policy, it is not known if pharmacy profits differ between generic and branded medicines. It is also not known if this difference may affect pharmacists practice of generic substitution. Objective To develop and validate questionnaire to evaluate the perception of Malaysian community pharmacists toward the impact of generic substitution on community pharmacies’ profits. Setting Community pharmacies in 9 out of the 12 Malaysian states including Pahang, Kelantan, Melaka, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, Pulau Pinang, Selangor, Terengganu, and Sarawak. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a newly developed questionnaire. A convenient sample of 99 community pharmacists was surveyed using this questionnaire. Result The Cronbach’s alpha value for all of the statements in theme 2 of the questionnaire is 0.706, which lies in an acceptable range. It is found that generic medicines constituted 41–60% of merchandise in 41 of the surveyed pharmacies. Of the respondents, 72.9% stated recommending generic more than branded medicines and 89.9% of them reported that customers accepted their recommendations. Community pharmacists agreed that generic substitution results in financial benefits to community pharmacies. This can be found as most of the pharmacists agree that generic medicines lower whole sale price results in merchandise cost reduction, increase in pharmacy profit, higher profit margin, increase in pharmacy sales, and rate of return and reduction in community pharmacies capital. The maximum profit margin obtained with generic medicine is >100%, whereas for branded medicine, it is 81–100%. Conclusion Generic medicines are actively dispensed by community pharmacists and result in higher profit margin than innovator medicines. SAGE Journals 2017-06 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/1/JGM680390%20%28edit%29.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/7/How%20community%20pharmacists%20perceive%20generic_scopus.pdf Ahmad, Nor Amalina and Abd-Jabar, Nur-Hamizah and Awaluddin, Noor Hamizah and Kamaruddin, Nursyahirah and Mohd-Rasid, Nursyazwani and Elsayed, Tarek Mohamed Ali and Elkalmi, Ramadan Mohamed Mahmod and Hammad, Mohamed Anwar (2017) How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study. Journal of Generic Medicines, 13 (2). pp. 64-72. ISSN 1741-1343 E-ISSN 1741-7090 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1741134316680390?journalCode=jgma https://doi.org/10.1177/1741134316680390
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	R Medicine (General) RS Pharmacy and materia medica
spellingShingle	R Medicine (General) RS Pharmacy and materia medica Ahmad, Nor Amalina Abd-Jabar, Nur-Hamizah Awaluddin, Noor Hamizah Kamaruddin, Nursyahirah Mohd-Rasid, Nursyazwani Elsayed, Tarek Mohamed Ali Elkalmi, Ramadan Mohamed Mahmod Hammad, Mohamed Anwar How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study
description	Background Generic medicines are introduced to the market after the expiry of the patented innovator medicine. Being usually sold at lower prices compared to branded medicines, they may provide a low-cost alternative for consumers. In Malaysia, where there is no Medicines Price Control Policy, it is not known if pharmacy profits differ between generic and branded medicines. It is also not known if this difference may affect pharmacists practice of generic substitution. Objective To develop and validate questionnaire to evaluate the perception of Malaysian community pharmacists toward the impact of generic substitution on community pharmacies’ profits. Setting Community pharmacies in 9 out of the 12 Malaysian states including Pahang, Kelantan, Melaka, Perak, Negeri Sembilan, Pulau Pinang, Selangor, Terengganu, and Sarawak. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a newly developed questionnaire. A convenient sample of 99 community pharmacists was surveyed using this questionnaire. Result The Cronbach’s alpha value for all of the statements in theme 2 of the questionnaire is 0.706, which lies in an acceptable range. It is found that generic medicines constituted 41–60% of merchandise in 41 of the surveyed pharmacies. Of the respondents, 72.9% stated recommending generic more than branded medicines and 89.9% of them reported that customers accepted their recommendations. Community pharmacists agreed that generic substitution results in financial benefits to community pharmacies. This can be found as most of the pharmacists agree that generic medicines lower whole sale price results in merchandise cost reduction, increase in pharmacy profit, higher profit margin, increase in pharmacy sales, and rate of return and reduction in community pharmacies capital. The maximum profit margin obtained with generic medicine is >100%, whereas for branded medicine, it is 81–100%. Conclusion Generic medicines are actively dispensed by community pharmacists and result in higher profit margin than innovator medicines.
format	Article
author	Ahmad, Nor Amalina Abd-Jabar, Nur-Hamizah Awaluddin, Noor Hamizah Kamaruddin, Nursyahirah Mohd-Rasid, Nursyazwani Elsayed, Tarek Mohamed Ali Elkalmi, Ramadan Mohamed Mahmod Hammad, Mohamed Anwar
author_facet	Ahmad, Nor Amalina Abd-Jabar, Nur-Hamizah Awaluddin, Noor Hamizah Kamaruddin, Nursyahirah Mohd-Rasid, Nursyazwani Elsayed, Tarek Mohamed Ali Elkalmi, Ramadan Mohamed Mahmod Hammad, Mohamed Anwar
author_sort	Ahmad, Nor Amalina
title	How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study
title_short	How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study
title_full	How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study
title_fullStr	How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study
title_full_unstemmed	How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study
title_sort	how community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a malaysian pilot nationwide study
publisher	SAGE Journals
publishDate	2017
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/1/JGM680390%20%28edit%29.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/53287/7/How%20community%20pharmacists%20perceive%20generic_scopus.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:15:26Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:15:26Z
_version_	1777411530393911296

How community pharmacists perceive generic substitution impact on community pharmacies profits in absence of medicines price control policy: a Malaysian pilot nationwide study

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