The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India

The Indian subcontinent has contained a vast array of ethnicities, cultures, traditions and languages since the beginning of civilisation. While classical Indian civilisation was based on Sanskrit, the sacerdotal language of the Brahmins, this sacred language did not affect the general mass of peopl...

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Main Author:	Islam, Arshad
Format:	Article
Language:	English English English
Published:	International Islamic University Malaysia 2015
Subjects:	H Social Sciences (General) PK Indo-Iranian PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/1/Asiatic-Persian_%26_Urdu.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/4/47185_genesis_of_persian_wos.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/6/47185_genesis_of_persian_scopus.pdf

id	iium-47185
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-471852016-10-05T10:24:37Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/ The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India Islam, Arshad H Social Sciences (General) PK Indo-Iranian PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania The Indian subcontinent has contained a vast array of ethnicities, cultures, traditions and languages since the beginning of civilisation. While classical Indian civilisation was based on Sanskrit, the sacerdotal language of the Brahmins, this sacred language did not affect the general mass of people, nor literature beyond a privileged elite. The first true lingua franca that transcended caste barriers to a certain extent was Persian, which was adopted by the ruling dynasties of Muslim India (who themselves were generally Turks or indigenous Indians rather than Persians), their Hindu peers, as well as the civil servants. However, from the beginning of the seventeenth century Urdu began to form around the lower echelons of society as a pidgin common tongue to enable communication between the myriad ethnicities of the Mughal Empire, ultimately restricting Persian to a refined language of culture and courtly life in the Mughal court and becoming a vibrant and dynamic language in its own right, thus becoming the first literary language with a substantial original contribution from Indians since ancient Sanskrit. This article charts the adoption of Persian and later the emergence of Urdu as spoken and literary languages in the Indian subcontinent using original sources in those languages. International Islamic University Malaysia 2015-12-31 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/1/Asiatic-Persian_%26_Urdu.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/4/47185_genesis_of_persian_wos.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/6/47185_genesis_of_persian_scopus.pdf Islam, Arshad (2015) The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India. Asiatic, 9 (2). pp. 158-172. ISSN 1985-3106
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English English
topic	H Social Sciences (General) PK Indo-Iranian PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania
spellingShingle	H Social Sciences (General) PK Indo-Iranian PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania Islam, Arshad The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India
description	The Indian subcontinent has contained a vast array of ethnicities, cultures, traditions and languages since the beginning of civilisation. While classical Indian civilisation was based on Sanskrit, the sacerdotal language of the Brahmins, this sacred language did not affect the general mass of people, nor literature beyond a privileged elite. The first true lingua franca that transcended caste barriers to a certain extent was Persian, which was adopted by the ruling dynasties of Muslim India (who themselves were generally Turks or indigenous Indians rather than Persians), their Hindu peers, as well as the civil servants. However, from the beginning of the seventeenth century Urdu began to form around the lower echelons of society as a pidgin common tongue to enable communication between the myriad ethnicities of the Mughal Empire, ultimately restricting Persian to a refined language of culture and courtly life in the Mughal court and becoming a vibrant and dynamic language in its own right, thus becoming the first literary language with a substantial original contribution from Indians since ancient Sanskrit. This article charts the adoption of Persian and later the emergence of Urdu as spoken and literary languages in the Indian subcontinent using original sources in those languages.
format	Article
author	Islam, Arshad
author_facet	Islam, Arshad
author_sort	Islam, Arshad
title	The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India
title_short	The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India
title_full	The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India
title_fullStr	The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India
title_full_unstemmed	The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India
title_sort	genesis of persian and urdu languages and literatures in india
publisher	International Islamic University Malaysia
publishDate	2015
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/1/Asiatic-Persian_%26_Urdu.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/4/47185_genesis_of_persian_wos.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/47185/6/47185_genesis_of_persian_scopus.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:07:10Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:07:10Z
_version_	1777411010520416256

The genesis of Persian and Urdu languages and literatures in India

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