Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data
Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) essentially related to the total scattering of particles in the water column. It plays the role as a transport medium for pollutants, total load of organic and inorganic substance in the water phase. In this study, we have developed empirical relationship based on...
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Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
2015
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iium-448992018-01-04T08:32:45Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/44899/ Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data Zakariya, razak Ahmad, Zuhairi Saad, Shahbudin Rosnan, Y. GC Oceanography GE Environmental Sciences T Technology (General) Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) essentially related to the total scattering of particles in the water column. It plays the role as a transport medium for pollutants, total load of organic and inorganic substance in the water phase. In this study, we have developed empirical relationship based on a strong relationship between Landsat near infrared (NIR) band and archived SPM data. The following were the power equations: SPM NE (mg/l) = 11.68x^0.666 SPM SW (mg/l) = 18.61x^0.493 where, x (TM4) is radiance of ETM+ NIR band 4 was developed under tropical atmospheric conditions. Using the above equation, the SPM concentration for Northeast and Southwest monsoon in the Pahang River estuary as a case study was determined. The mean SPM concentration and mean reflectance value during Northeast monsoon were 131.69 mg/l and 0.135 mg/l. The mean SPM concentration value and reflectance were 95.94 mg/l and 0.078 mg/l during the Southwest monsoon. Generally, from remote sensing archive data and above equations, the SPM concentrations of Pahang River were successfully determined from 1999 to 2012. Universiti Putra Malaysia Press 2015-01 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/44899/1/5._Development_of_Suspended.pdf Zakariya, razak and Ahmad, Zuhairi and Saad, Shahbudin and Rosnan, Y. (2015) Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data. ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development, 31 (2). pp. 102-112. ISSN 0217-5460 http://www.myjurnal.my/public/browse-journal-view.php?id=256 |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
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Local University |
| institution |
International Islamic University Malaysia |
| building |
IIUM Repository |
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Online Access |
| language |
English |
| topic |
GC Oceanography GE Environmental Sciences T Technology (General) |
| spellingShingle |
GC Oceanography GE Environmental Sciences T Technology (General) Zakariya, razak Ahmad, Zuhairi Saad, Shahbudin Rosnan, Y. Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data |
| description |
Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) essentially related to the total scattering of particles in the water column. It plays the role as a transport medium for pollutants, total load of organic and inorganic substance in the water phase. In this study, we have developed empirical relationship based on a strong relationship between Landsat near infrared (NIR) band and archived SPM data. The following were the power equations:
SPM NE (mg/l) = 11.68x^0.666
SPM SW (mg/l) = 18.61x^0.493
where, x (TM4) is radiance of ETM+ NIR band 4 was developed under tropical atmospheric conditions. Using the above equation, the SPM concentration for Northeast and Southwest monsoon in the Pahang River estuary as a case study was determined. The mean SPM concentration and mean reflectance value during Northeast monsoon were 131.69 mg/l and 0.135 mg/l. The mean SPM concentration value and reflectance were 95.94 mg/l and 0.078 mg/l during the Southwest monsoon. Generally, from remote sensing archive data and above equations, the SPM concentrations of Pahang River were successfully determined from 1999 to 2012. |
| format |
Article |
| author |
Zakariya, razak Ahmad, Zuhairi Saad, Shahbudin Rosnan, Y. |
| author_facet |
Zakariya, razak Ahmad, Zuhairi Saad, Shahbudin Rosnan, Y. |
| author_sort |
Zakariya, razak |
| title |
Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data |
| title_short |
Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data |
| title_full |
Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data |
| title_fullStr |
Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat ETM+ data |
| title_sort |
development of suspended particulate matter empirical equation for tropics estuary from landsat etm+ data |
| publisher |
Universiti Putra Malaysia Press |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
http://irep.iium.edu.my/44899/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/44899/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/44899/1/5._Development_of_Suspended.pdf |
| first_indexed |
2023-09-18T21:03:51Z |
| last_indexed |
2023-09-18T21:03:51Z |
| _version_ |
1777410801828626432 |