A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks

Cognitive Radio (CR) technology has been introduced to solve the problems of spectrum underutilization and spectrum scarcity caused by improper spectrum management policies. In Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRAHNs), which operate without centralized infrastructure support, data routing encounters...

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Main Authors:	Che-Aron, Zamree, Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha, Abdullah, Khaizuran, Hassan, Wan Haslina, Rahman, Md. Arafatur
Format:	Book Chapter
Language:	English English
Published:	Springer International Publishing 2015
Subjects:	TK452 Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/2/43862_A_robust_on-demand_routing_protocol_for_cognitive_SCOPUS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/5/43862.pdf

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recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-438622017-06-09T01:27:09Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/ A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks Che-Aron, Zamree Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha Abdullah, Khaizuran Hassan, Wan Haslina Rahman, Md. Arafatur TK452 Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks Cognitive Radio (CR) technology has been introduced to solve the problems of spectrum underutilization and spectrum scarcity caused by improper spectrum management policies. In Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRAHNs), which operate without centralized infrastructure support, data routing encounters various challenges including frequent topology changes, heterogeneous spectrum availability, and intermittent connectivity caused by the activities of Primary Users (PUs). In this paper, a robust on-demand routing protocol for CRAHNs, referred to the Robustness Aware Cognitive Ad-hoc Routing Protocol (RACARP), is proposed with an aim to provide robust paths for data delivery. The Expected Path Delay (EPD) routing metric used for path decision is introduced and applied in the protocol. The metric takes account of the link delay and the effect of packet loss on wireless links. Furthermore, the protocol avoids creating a transmission path that uses PU’s channel in PU regions in order to counteract the impact of PU activities which can simply cause communication interruptions. The protocol also jointly exploits path and spectrum diversity in routing process in order to provide multi-path and multi-channel routes for the purpose of fast route recovery. The performance evaluation is conducted through simulation using NS-2 simulator. The simulation results prove that the RACARP protocol achieves better performance in terms of average throughput and average end-to-end delay as compared to the Dual Diversity Cognitive Ad-hoc Routing Protocol (D2CARP). Springer International Publishing 2015 Book Chapter PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/2/43862_A_robust_on-demand_routing_protocol_for_cognitive_SCOPUS.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/5/43862.pdf Che-Aron, Zamree and Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha and Abdullah, Khaizuran and Hassan, Wan Haslina and Rahman, Md. Arafatur (2015) A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks. In: Mobile and wireless technology 2015. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 310 . Springer International Publishing, Berlin, pp. 33-43. ISBN 978-3-662-47668-0 http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-662-47669-7_4 10.1007/978-3-662-47669-7_4
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	TK452 Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks
spellingShingle	TK452 Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks Che-Aron, Zamree Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha Abdullah, Khaizuran Hassan, Wan Haslina Rahman, Md. Arafatur A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
description	Cognitive Radio (CR) technology has been introduced to solve the problems of spectrum underutilization and spectrum scarcity caused by improper spectrum management policies. In Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRAHNs), which operate without centralized infrastructure support, data routing encounters various challenges including frequent topology changes, heterogeneous spectrum availability, and intermittent connectivity caused by the activities of Primary Users (PUs). In this paper, a robust on-demand routing protocol for CRAHNs, referred to the Robustness Aware Cognitive Ad-hoc Routing Protocol (RACARP), is proposed with an aim to provide robust paths for data delivery. The Expected Path Delay (EPD) routing metric used for path decision is introduced and applied in the protocol. The metric takes account of the link delay and the effect of packet loss on wireless links. Furthermore, the protocol avoids creating a transmission path that uses PU’s channel in PU regions in order to counteract the impact of PU activities which can simply cause communication interruptions. The protocol also jointly exploits path and spectrum diversity in routing process in order to provide multi-path and multi-channel routes for the purpose of fast route recovery. The performance evaluation is conducted through simulation using NS-2 simulator. The simulation results prove that the RACARP protocol achieves better performance in terms of average throughput and average end-to-end delay as compared to the Dual Diversity Cognitive Ad-hoc Routing Protocol (D2CARP).
format	Book Chapter
author	Che-Aron, Zamree Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha Abdullah, Khaizuran Hassan, Wan Haslina Rahman, Md. Arafatur
author_facet	Che-Aron, Zamree Hassan Abdalla Hashim, Aisha Abdullah, Khaizuran Hassan, Wan Haslina Rahman, Md. Arafatur
author_sort	Che-Aron, Zamree
title	A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
title_short	A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
title_full	A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
title_fullStr	A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
title_full_unstemmed	A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
title_sort	robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks
publisher	Springer International Publishing
publishDate	2015
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/2/43862_A_robust_on-demand_routing_protocol_for_cognitive_SCOPUS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/43862/5/43862.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:02:26Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:02:26Z
_version_	1777410712710152192

A robust on-demand routing protocol for cognitive radio ad hoc networks

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