Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose

1. Introduction 1.1 Methadone and methadone maintenance therapy (MMT): An overview Methadone acts on the opioid receptors and produces many of the same effects of morphine and heroin. In the treatment of opioid dependence, methadone has cross-tolerance with other opioid, including heroin and mor...

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Main Authors:	Mohamad, Nasir, Ismail, Rusli, Mohamed Nazar, Nor Ilyani, Tan, Soo Choon, Sim, Hann Liang, Idrus, Ilya Irinaz, Abu Bakar, Nor Hidayah
Format:	Book Chapter
Language:	English
Published:	Intechopen.com 2012
Subjects:	RM300 Drugs and their action
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/35714/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/35714/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/35714/1/variability.pdf

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recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-357142014-03-12T08:56:35Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/35714/ Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose Mohamad, Nasir Ismail, Rusli Mohamed Nazar, Nor Ilyani Tan, Soo Choon Sim, Hann Liang Idrus, Ilya Irinaz Abu Bakar, Nor Hidayah RM300 Drugs and their action 1. Introduction 1.1 Methadone and methadone maintenance therapy (MMT): An overview Methadone acts on the opioid receptors and produces many of the same effects of morphine and heroin. In the treatment of opioid dependence, methadone has cross-tolerance with other opioid, including heroin and morphine and a long duration of effect. Higher doses of methadone can block the euphoric effects of heroin, morphine, and similar drugs. As a result, properly dosed methadone patients can reduce or stop altogether their use of these substances. Methadone is a misunderstood drug and ignorance about it is common. Even professionals, physicians and pharmacists who are supposed to be the “guardians” of MMT receive very little training about the very medication that they are responsible for. To compound the issue, addiction is mostly viewed not as a disease and its care is frequently relegated to the lay public, at least until very recently. In Malaysia, addiction has solely been under the charge of “Agensi Anti Dadah Kebangsaan” (AADK), an agency that has mainly adopted a criminal approach to addiction. However, this has recently changed in Malaysia. Addiction is now recognized as a medical illness, under the purview of the medical professionals. Nevertheless, many in the medical profession only have a rudimentary understanding of addiction. Most physicians, pharmacists and nurses receive very little training about addiction and much less regarding methadone. Thus, generally, both medical and other caregivers have very limited knowledge about addiction and much less about methadone. They have generally been taught to approach addiction as a character disorder and administer methadone as a substitute. Intechopen.com 2012-02 Book Chapter PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/35714/1/variability.pdf Mohamad, Nasir and Ismail, Rusli and Mohamed Nazar, Nor Ilyani and Tan, Soo Choon and Sim, Hann Liang and Idrus, Ilya Irinaz and Abu Bakar, Nor Hidayah (2012) Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose. In: Toxicity and drug testing. Intechopen.com, Rijeka, Croatia, pp. 129-142. ISBN 9789535100041 http://www.intechopen.com/books/toxicity-and-drug-testing/variability-of-plasma-methadone-concentration-in-opiate-dependent-receiving-methadone-a-personalised
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	RM300 Drugs and their action
spellingShingle	RM300 Drugs and their action Mohamad, Nasir Ismail, Rusli Mohamed Nazar, Nor Ilyani Tan, Soo Choon Sim, Hann Liang Idrus, Ilya Irinaz Abu Bakar, Nor Hidayah Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose
description	1. Introduction 1.1 Methadone and methadone maintenance therapy (MMT): An overview Methadone acts on the opioid receptors and produces many of the same effects of morphine and heroin. In the treatment of opioid dependence, methadone has cross-tolerance with other opioid, including heroin and morphine and a long duration of effect. Higher doses of methadone can block the euphoric effects of heroin, morphine, and similar drugs. As a result, properly dosed methadone patients can reduce or stop altogether their use of these substances. Methadone is a misunderstood drug and ignorance about it is common. Even professionals, physicians and pharmacists who are supposed to be the “guardians” of MMT receive very little training about the very medication that they are responsible for. To compound the issue, addiction is mostly viewed not as a disease and its care is frequently relegated to the lay public, at least until very recently. In Malaysia, addiction has solely been under the charge of “Agensi Anti Dadah Kebangsaan” (AADK), an agency that has mainly adopted a criminal approach to addiction. However, this has recently changed in Malaysia. Addiction is now recognized as a medical illness, under the purview of the medical professionals. Nevertheless, many in the medical profession only have a rudimentary understanding of addiction. Most physicians, pharmacists and nurses receive very little training about addiction and much less regarding methadone. Thus, generally, both medical and other caregivers have very limited knowledge about addiction and much less about methadone. They have generally been taught to approach addiction as a character disorder and administer methadone as a substitute.
format	Book Chapter
author	Mohamad, Nasir Ismail, Rusli Mohamed Nazar, Nor Ilyani Tan, Soo Choon Sim, Hann Liang Idrus, Ilya Irinaz Abu Bakar, Nor Hidayah
author_facet	Mohamad, Nasir Ismail, Rusli Mohamed Nazar, Nor Ilyani Tan, Soo Choon Sim, Hann Liang Idrus, Ilya Irinaz Abu Bakar, Nor Hidayah
author_sort	Mohamad, Nasir
title	Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose
title_short	Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose
title_full	Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose
title_fullStr	Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose
title_full_unstemmed	Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose
title_sort	variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose
publisher	Intechopen.com
publishDate	2012
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/35714/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/35714/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/35714/1/variability.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:51:10Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:51:10Z
_version_	1777410004369801216

Variability of plasma methadone concentration in opiate dependents receiving methadone: a personalised approach towards optimizing dose

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