Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite

Due to environmental awareness and depletion of petroleum oil, bioplastics and their composites are one of the most researchable topics throughout the world. Polymers that are produced from renewable sources are expected to be the best alternative to replace conventional polymers. The bottles n...

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Main Authors:	Kaiser, Mohammad Rejaul, Anuar, Hazleen, Samat, Noorasikin, Abdul Razak, Shamsul Bahri
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Polymer Research Center of Iran 2013
Subjects:	TS195 Packaging
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/1/IPOL.pdf

id	iium-29325
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-293252013-09-05T02:42:10Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/ Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite Kaiser, Mohammad Rejaul Anuar, Hazleen Samat, Noorasikin Abdul Razak, Shamsul Bahri TS195 Packaging Due to environmental awareness and depletion of petroleum oil, bioplastics and their composites are one of the most researchable topics throughout the world. Polymers that are produced from renewable sources are expected to be the best alternative to replace conventional polymers. The bottles neck of these bioplastics is its cost which limits its application in certain purposes. Bioplastics ﬁlled or reinforced with natural ﬁbers can reduce cost and improve properties, like stiffness, strength and toughness of biocomposites. Impact strength and fracture toughness are the main demerits of short ﬁber-ﬁlled biocomposite. On the other hand, when nanoclay, having a very high aspect ratio, is mixed with bioplastics it may signiﬁcantly affect the thermal and mechanical properties of the ﬁnal composites. A composite may also suffer dispersion inefﬁciency, which is considered the key factor to improve the properties. The aim of this paper was to hybridize nanoclay and short kenaf ﬁber in polylactic acid (PLA) by double extrusion method and followed by mechanical, thermal and morphological characterizations. Mechanical properties showed improvement with nanoclay, speciﬁcally the impact strength increased more than 50 % compared with unreinforced PLA. A double extruded composite showed 3–10 % better tensile and ﬂexural properties than the single extruded composite. Similarly, addition of nanoclay increased decomposition and melting temperatures (T m) from 198 to 225 �C and 152 to 155 �C, respectively. Crystallization temperature (Tc ), however, dropped with nanoclay from 116 to 106 �C and storage modulus (E’) increased by about 1 GPa. These ﬁndings were also supported by scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and transmission electron micrograph (TEM) where in double extruded composite a better dispersion of nanoclay was observed. By employing X-ray diffraction (XRD) it was found that higher percentage of crystallinity was obtained while Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) displayed new bond formation. The presence of nanoclay enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of the hybrid composite. Polymer Research Center of Iran 2013-02 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/1/IPOL.pdf Kaiser, Mohammad Rejaul and Anuar, Hazleen and Samat, Noorasikin and Abdul Razak, Shamsul Bahri (2013) Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite. Iranian Polymer Journal (English Edition), 22 (2). pp. 123-131. ISSN 1026-1265 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13726-012-0112-4 10.1007/s13726-012-0112-4
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	TS195 Packaging
spellingShingle	TS195 Packaging Kaiser, Mohammad Rejaul Anuar, Hazleen Samat, Noorasikin Abdul Razak, Shamsul Bahri Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite
description	Due to environmental awareness and depletion of petroleum oil, bioplastics and their composites are one of the most researchable topics throughout the world. Polymers that are produced from renewable sources are expected to be the best alternative to replace conventional polymers. The bottles neck of these bioplastics is its cost which limits its application in certain purposes. Bioplastics ﬁlled or reinforced with natural ﬁbers can reduce cost and improve properties, like stiffness, strength and toughness of biocomposites. Impact strength and fracture toughness are the main demerits of short ﬁber-ﬁlled biocomposite. On the other hand, when nanoclay, having a very high aspect ratio, is mixed with bioplastics it may signiﬁcantly affect the thermal and mechanical properties of the ﬁnal composites. A composite may also suffer dispersion inefﬁciency, which is considered the key factor to improve the properties. The aim of this paper was to hybridize nanoclay and short kenaf ﬁber in polylactic acid (PLA) by double extrusion method and followed by mechanical, thermal and morphological characterizations. Mechanical properties showed improvement with nanoclay, speciﬁcally the impact strength increased more than 50 % compared with unreinforced PLA. A double extruded composite showed 3–10 % better tensile and ﬂexural properties than the single extruded composite. Similarly, addition of nanoclay increased decomposition and melting temperatures (T m) from 198 to 225 �C and 152 to 155 �C, respectively. Crystallization temperature (Tc ), however, dropped with nanoclay from 116 to 106 �C and storage modulus (E’) increased by about 1 GPa. These ﬁndings were also supported by scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and transmission electron micrograph (TEM) where in double extruded composite a better dispersion of nanoclay was observed. By employing X-ray diffraction (XRD) it was found that higher percentage of crystallinity was obtained while Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) displayed new bond formation. The presence of nanoclay enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of the hybrid composite.
format	Article
author	Kaiser, Mohammad Rejaul Anuar, Hazleen Samat, Noorasikin Abdul Razak, Shamsul Bahri
author_facet	Kaiser, Mohammad Rejaul Anuar, Hazleen Samat, Noorasikin Abdul Razak, Shamsul Bahri
author_sort	Kaiser, Mohammad Rejaul
title	Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite
title_short	Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite
title_full	Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite
title_fullStr	Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite
title_sort	effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of pla-based hybrid biocomposite
publisher	Polymer Research Center of Iran
publishDate	2013
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/29325/1/IPOL.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:43:02Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:43:02Z
_version_	1777409492357480448

Effect of processing routes on the mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of PLA-based hybrid biocomposite

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