Effects of menstrual cycle phase on metabolomic profiles in premenopausal women
Background: Characterization of the normal degree of physiological variation in the metabolomic profiles of healthy humans is a necessary step in the development of metabolomics as both a clinical research and diagnostic tool. This study investigated the effects of the menstrual cycle on 1H nuclear...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford University Press /The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
2010
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/2276/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/2276/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/2276/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/2276/4/Yumi_Zuhanis_Effects_of_menstrual_949.full.pdf |
| Summary: | Background: Characterization of the normal degree of physiological variation in the metabolomic profiles of healthy humans is a necessary step in the development of metabolomics as both a clinical research and diagnostic tool. This study investigated the effects of the menstrual cycle on 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) derived metabolomic profiles of urine and plasma from healthy women.
Methods: In this study, 34 healthy women were recruited and a first void urine and fasting blood sample were collected from each woman at four different time points during one menstrual cycle. Serum hormone levels were used in combination with the menstrual calendar to classify the urine and plasma samples into five different phases i.e. menstrual, follicular, periovulatory, luteal and premenstrual. The urine and plasma samples were analysed using 1H NMR spectroscopy and subsequent data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis.
Results: PCA of the urine spectra showed no separation of samples based on the phases of the menstrual cycle. Multivariate analysis of the plasma spectra showed a separation of the menstrual phase and the luteal phase samples (R2 ¼ 0.61, Q2 ¼ 0.41). Subsequent analysis
revealed a significant decrease in levels of glutamine, glycine, alanine, lysine, serine and creatinine and a significant increase in levels of acetoacetate and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL CH2) during the luteal phase.
conclusions: These results establish a need to control for metabolic changes that occur in plasma due to the menstrual cycle in the design of future metabolomic studies involving premenopausal women.
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