Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments

Void formation in oxide scale during high temperature oxidation is a common phenomenon. Over a long period of time voids will affect the mechanical property of scales by influencing the cracking and spalling. Voids formed in dry environment are different than that of formed in humid environment....

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Main Authors:	Kaderi, Akbar, Mohd Zainal, Ahmad Zaki, Ani, Mohd Hanafi, Othman, Raihan
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	IIUM Press 2011
Subjects:	TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/16790/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/16790/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/16790/2/235-1219-1-PB_16790.pdf

id	iium-16790
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-167902012-09-21T10:19:42Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/16790/ Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments Kaderi, Akbar Mohd Zainal, Ahmad Zaki Ani, Mohd Hanafi Othman, Raihan TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy Void formation in oxide scale during high temperature oxidation is a common phenomenon. Over a long period of time voids will affect the mechanical property of scales by influencing the cracking and spalling. Voids formed in dry environment are different than that of formed in humid environment. With the presence of water vapor in humid environment the formation of void will increase, thus greater number of void compared to that in dry environment. Fe-Cr-Ni alloy samples were exposed isothermally at 1073 K in air (P_(O_2)= 0.21atm = 2.1 x? 10 5 Pa) and humid (air + steam) environments. XRD analysis done to all samples confirms that Fe2O3, Fe3O4, NiCr2O4, FeCr2O4, Cr2O3 and NiO phases exist in the scale. EDX analysis done shows varying compositions of Fe,Cr,Ni and O in outer and inner oxide scale, oxide scale/metal interface and metal. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was used to investigate voids formed in the cross sections of the oxidized samples. Volume fraction of voids in the oxide scale was calculated in accordance to the cross sectional area fraction of voids in the scale. It shows that Fe-Cr-Ni alloy samples exposed in humid environment has as high as 71% more voids than that exposed in dry environment. It is concluded that the humid environment increased the number of void formed in the oxide scale, thus facilitates the exfoliation of protective scale during the high temperature oxidation. IIUM Press 2011 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/16790/2/235-1219-1-PB_16790.pdf Kaderi, Akbar and Mohd Zainal, Ahmad Zaki and Ani, Mohd Hanafi and Othman, Raihan (2011) Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments. IIUM Engineering Journal, 12 (5). pp. 69-78. ISSN 1511-788X http://www.iium.edu.my/ejournal/index.php/iiumej/article/viewArticle/235
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy
spellingShingle	TN Mining engineering. Metallurgy Kaderi, Akbar Mohd Zainal, Ahmad Zaki Ani, Mohd Hanafi Othman, Raihan Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments
description	Void formation in oxide scale during high temperature oxidation is a common phenomenon. Over a long period of time voids will affect the mechanical property of scales by influencing the cracking and spalling. Voids formed in dry environment are different than that of formed in humid environment. With the presence of water vapor in humid environment the formation of void will increase, thus greater number of void compared to that in dry environment. Fe-Cr-Ni alloy samples were exposed isothermally at 1073 K in air (P_(O_2)= 0.21atm = 2.1 x? 10 5 Pa) and humid (air + steam) environments. XRD analysis done to all samples confirms that Fe2O3, Fe3O4, NiCr2O4, FeCr2O4, Cr2O3 and NiO phases exist in the scale. EDX analysis done shows varying compositions of Fe,Cr,Ni and O in outer and inner oxide scale, oxide scale/metal interface and metal. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was used to investigate voids formed in the cross sections of the oxidized samples. Volume fraction of voids in the oxide scale was calculated in accordance to the cross sectional area fraction of voids in the scale. It shows that Fe-Cr-Ni alloy samples exposed in humid environment has as high as 71% more voids than that exposed in dry environment. It is concluded that the humid environment increased the number of void formed in the oxide scale, thus facilitates the exfoliation of protective scale during the high temperature oxidation.
format	Article
author	Kaderi, Akbar Mohd Zainal, Ahmad Zaki Ani, Mohd Hanafi Othman, Raihan
author_facet	Kaderi, Akbar Mohd Zainal, Ahmad Zaki Ani, Mohd Hanafi Othman, Raihan
author_sort	Kaderi, Akbar
title	Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments
title_short	Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments
title_full	Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments
title_fullStr	Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments
title_full_unstemmed	Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments
title_sort	observation on void formed in oxide scale of fe-cr-ni alloy at 1073k in dry and humid environments
publisher	IIUM Press
publishDate	2011
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/16790/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/16790/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/16790/2/235-1219-1-PB_16790.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:25:31Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:25:31Z
_version_	1777408390031474688

Observation on void formed in oxide scale of Fe-Cr-Ni alloy at 1073K in dry and humid environments

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