Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Malaysia. The prevalence of hypertension nearly doubled over a ten-year period (1986 – 1996). This has resulted in a significant rise in its attendant cost. We aim to review the institutional anti-hype...

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Main Authors:	Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah, Abdullah, Aszrin, Mohamed, Sahimi, Abdullah Ngow, Harris, Omar, Ahmad Marzuki, Ab Rahman, Jamalludin, Satwi, Sapari, Oteh, Maskon
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia 2009
Subjects:	R Medicine (General)
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/1350/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/1350/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/1350/1/Evaluation_of_anti-hypertensive_drug_utilisation_and_cost_in_Hospital_Tengku_Ampuan_Afzan%2C_Kuantan.pdf

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spelling	iium-13502016-03-10T03:59:03Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/1350/ Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah Abdullah, Aszrin Mohamed, Sahimi Abdullah Ngow, Harris Omar, Ahmad Marzuki Ab Rahman, Jamalludin Satwi, Sapari Oteh, Maskon R Medicine (General) Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Malaysia. The prevalence of hypertension nearly doubled over a ten-year period (1986 – 1996). This has resulted in a significant rise in its attendant cost. We aim to review the institutional anti-hypertensive use, the cost incurred and the implications on management in our local setting. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of the annual cost (2006) of anti-hypertensive medications was undertaken at the Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, a 600-bed major regional hospital on the east-coast of Malaysia. The total number of prescriptions given out and the total cost per drug is then factored to give the annual cost per drug per person in a percentage of the total annual expenditure. Results: The majority of patients were on either 2 (46.5%) or 3 (25.9%) anti-hypertensives. The most frequently prescribed medications were ACE Inhibitors (33.45%), Calcium channel blockers (29.63%), diuretics (16.67%) and β-blockers (13.64%). In terms of cost however, the Calcium channel blockers constituted the greatest percentage of the annual anti-hypertensive budget (63.67%) compared to ACE Inhibitors at just 20.04% of the annual expenditure. The least costly group of drugs is the diuretic making up 16.67% of the total annual prescriptions but only constituting 1.23% of the annual cost. Conclusion: The majority of patients were on ACE Inhibitors and/or Calcium channel blockers. This has huge monetary implications as they represent a large proportion of the annual antihypertensive allocation. There may be a need to reverse the trend in the developing world due to cost restrictions. Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia 2009-12 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/1350/1/Evaluation_of_anti-hypertensive_drug_utilisation_and_cost_in_Hospital_Tengku_Ampuan_Afzan%2C_Kuantan.pdf Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah and Abdullah, Aszrin and Mohamed, Sahimi and Abdullah Ngow, Harris and Omar, Ahmad Marzuki and Ab Rahman, Jamalludin and Satwi, Sapari and Oteh, Maskon (2009) Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan. International Medical Journal Malaysia, 8 (2). pp. 29-34. ISSN 1823-4631 http://www.e-imj.com/
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle	R Medicine (General) Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah Abdullah, Aszrin Mohamed, Sahimi Abdullah Ngow, Harris Omar, Ahmad Marzuki Ab Rahman, Jamalludin Satwi, Sapari Oteh, Maskon Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan
description	Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Malaysia. The prevalence of hypertension nearly doubled over a ten-year period (1986 – 1996). This has resulted in a significant rise in its attendant cost. We aim to review the institutional anti-hypertensive use, the cost incurred and the implications on management in our local setting. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of the annual cost (2006) of anti-hypertensive medications was undertaken at the Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, a 600-bed major regional hospital on the east-coast of Malaysia. The total number of prescriptions given out and the total cost per drug is then factored to give the annual cost per drug per person in a percentage of the total annual expenditure. Results: The majority of patients were on either 2 (46.5%) or 3 (25.9%) anti-hypertensives. The most frequently prescribed medications were ACE Inhibitors (33.45%), Calcium channel blockers (29.63%), diuretics (16.67%) and β-blockers (13.64%). In terms of cost however, the Calcium channel blockers constituted the greatest percentage of the annual anti-hypertensive budget (63.67%) compared to ACE Inhibitors at just 20.04% of the annual expenditure. The least costly group of drugs is the diuretic making up 16.67% of the total annual prescriptions but only constituting 1.23% of the annual cost. Conclusion: The majority of patients were on ACE Inhibitors and/or Calcium channel blockers. This has huge monetary implications as they represent a large proportion of the annual antihypertensive allocation. There may be a need to reverse the trend in the developing world due to cost restrictions.
format	Article
author	Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah Abdullah, Aszrin Mohamed, Sahimi Abdullah Ngow, Harris Omar, Ahmad Marzuki Ab Rahman, Jamalludin Satwi, Sapari Oteh, Maskon
author_facet	Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah Abdullah, Aszrin Mohamed, Sahimi Abdullah Ngow, Harris Omar, Ahmad Marzuki Ab Rahman, Jamalludin Satwi, Sapari Oteh, Maskon
author_sort	Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah
title	Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan
title_short	Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan
title_full	Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan
title_fullStr	Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan
title_sort	evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in hospital tengku ampuan afzan, kuantan
publisher	Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia
publishDate	2009
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/1350/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/1350/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/1350/1/Evaluation_of_anti-hypertensive_drug_utilisation_and_cost_in_Hospital_Tengku_Ampuan_Afzan%2C_Kuantan.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:08:38Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:08:38Z
_version_	1777407327642583040

Evaluation of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation and cost in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan

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