Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel

Mango (Mangifera indica) is a fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiaceae, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant. Mango has been reported to have high antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria, aids the development of the pl...

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Main Authors:	Al-Shwyeh, Hussah Abdullah, Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed, Jamal, Parveen
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	Academic Journals 2011
Subjects:	QR Microbiology
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/1/Abdullah_et_al.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/4/Abdullah_et_al_1.pdf

id	iium-11683
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-116832012-05-11T17:44:46Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/ Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel Al-Shwyeh, Hussah Abdullah Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed Jamal, Parveen QR Microbiology Mango (Mangifera indica) is a fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiaceae, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant. Mango has been reported to have high antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria, aids the development of the placenta and fetus, and helps in the metabolic activities of teeth, the retina and skin, while preventing anemia. In addition, it also helps to tighten the capillary vessels. However, the significant increase in mango consumption in domestic activity leads to the accumulation of waste, especially its kernel. This study attempts to screen three varieties of mango kernels: waterlily, lemak and shakran extracted using four different extraction solvent: ethanol, methanol, acetone and distilled water to examine the potential of mango kernel as natural antibacterial against four bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtillis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Disc diffusion assay was employed to determine the antibacterial activity. Optimization of process conditions for extraction of antibacterial activity (having widest inhibition zone) was conducted in shake flasks based on the experimental design suggested by central composite design (CCD) from Design Expert v.6.0.8. by manipulating reaction temperature (°C), reaction time (hour) and agitation speed (rpm). It was found that waterlily had the best antibacterial activity, utilizing ethanol as the extraction solvent. Optimization of this sample was run and the maximum antibacterial activity (16.80 mm) was reached at 37°C, 24 h and 200 rpm. Identification of the active compound using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) recognized phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) as the possible compound responsible for antibacterial activity. This finding would probably become an alternative source of new and natural antibacterial agents. Academic Journals 2011-12-16 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/1/Abdullah_et_al.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/4/Abdullah_et_al_1.pdf Al-Shwyeh, Hussah Abdullah and Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed and Jamal, Parveen (2011) Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (81). pp. 18739-18748. ISSN 1684–5315 http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB/PDF/pdf2011/16DecConf/Abdullah%20et%20al%201.pdf 10.5897/AJB11.274
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	QR Microbiology
spellingShingle	QR Microbiology Al-Shwyeh, Hussah Abdullah Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed Jamal, Parveen Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel
description	Mango (Mangifera indica) is a fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera and family Anacardiaceae, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant. Mango has been reported to have high antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria, aids the development of the placenta and fetus, and helps in the metabolic activities of teeth, the retina and skin, while preventing anemia. In addition, it also helps to tighten the capillary vessels. However, the significant increase in mango consumption in domestic activity leads to the accumulation of waste, especially its kernel. This study attempts to screen three varieties of mango kernels: waterlily, lemak and shakran extracted using four different extraction solvent: ethanol, methanol, acetone and distilled water to examine the potential of mango kernel as natural antibacterial against four bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtillis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Disc diffusion assay was employed to determine the antibacterial activity. Optimization of process conditions for extraction of antibacterial activity (having widest inhibition zone) was conducted in shake flasks based on the experimental design suggested by central composite design (CCD) from Design Expert v.6.0.8. by manipulating reaction temperature (°C), reaction time (hour) and agitation speed (rpm). It was found that waterlily had the best antibacterial activity, utilizing ethanol as the extraction solvent. Optimization of this sample was run and the maximum antibacterial activity (16.80 mm) was reached at 37°C, 24 h and 200 rpm. Identification of the active compound using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) recognized phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) as the possible compound responsible for antibacterial activity. This finding would probably become an alternative source of new and natural antibacterial agents.
format	Article
author	Al-Shwyeh, Hussah Abdullah Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed Jamal, Parveen
author_facet	Al-Shwyeh, Hussah Abdullah Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed Jamal, Parveen
author_sort	Al-Shwyeh, Hussah Abdullah
title	Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel
title_short	Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel
title_full	Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel
title_fullStr	Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel
title_full_unstemmed	Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel
title_sort	antibacterial activity of malaysian mango kernel
publisher	Academic Journals
publishDate	2011
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/1/Abdullah_et_al.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/11683/4/Abdullah_et_al_1.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:20:58Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:20:58Z
_version_	1777408104102625280

Antibacterial activity of Malaysian mango kernel

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